☀️The Breathing System Flashcards

1
Q

Base of thorax is formed by

A

A sheet of involuntary muscle called the diaphram

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2
Q

Thorax

A

Respiratory system in chest

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3
Q

Ventilation

A

The movement of air in and out of the lungs

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4
Q

Breathing in through nose

A

Causes air to be filtered moistened and warmed

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5
Q

Epiglottis

A

Prevents good and drink entering trachea

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6
Q

Larynx

A

Contains the vocal cords for speech

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7
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

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8
Q

Trachea bronchioles and bronchi are made up of

A

Muscle, elastic fibres and rigid cartilage

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9
Q

Mucus

A

Traps dust and microorganisms

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10
Q

Cilia

A

Tiny hairs that beat to sweep mucus out of the air pipes into the oesophagus
They defend lungs from infection

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11
Q

What are each lung enclosed by

A

Pleural membranes

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12
Q

Pharynx

A

Voicebox

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13
Q

Cartilage

A

Strong rigid material and prevents the tubes from closing in when air is drawn through them

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14
Q

Where does not contain cartilage

A

Walls of lower and smaller bronchioles

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15
Q

Lungs

A

Where has exchange takes place

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16
Q

Outer pleura

A

Lines chest wall and diaphragm

17
Q

Inner pleura

A

Lines lungs

18
Q

Pleura cavity is the gap between two pleuras which contains a liquid which..

A

Lubricates membranes and reduces friction during breathing

19
Q

Aveoli

A

Air sacs at the end of the bronchioles and their function is has exchange

20
Q

Functions of aveoli

A

Provide a huge surface area for gas exchange

Thin walled

Moist surface area

21
Q

Respiration

A

Takes place in the body in order to supply the cells with energy

22
Q

As a result of respiration…

A

The cells are used up oxygen and produce carbon dioxide and water and pass out of the body by diffusion

23
Q

Oxygen is transported by

A

Combining with red haemoglobin to form oxyhemoglobin

24
Q

Carbon dioxide and water are both carried in

A

Blood plasma

25
Breathing in is known as
Inhalation/ inspiration
26
Breathing out is known as
Exhalation or expiration
27
Inhalation steps
1. Brain controls rate of breathing 2. The inter coastal muscles and diaphram contract 3. The chest cavity gets bigger 4. The air is forced into the lungs by higher external air pressure
28
Exhalation steps
1. Thé intercostal muscles and ribs move down and in and the diaphram curves up 3. Size of chest cavity decreases 4. The pressure in the chest cavity increases 5. Air is forced out of lungs
29
Water concentration in inhaled air is
LOW
30
Water concentration in exhaled air is
HIGH
31
Make a breathing disorder
Asthma
32
Asthma is triggered by
Outside allergens
33
Asthma is caused by
The narrowing of the bronchioles
34
Asthma is controlled by
Avoiding allergens
35
What is human breathing controlled by
The brain
36
High levels of co2 in blood:
Form acid Decrease pH Trigger brain to cause breathing
37
Carbon dioxide is a controlling factor in
Gas exchange
38
What happens to Carbon dioxide in blood after exercise
It increases