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Bio40a > The Brain and Cranial Nerves(Bio40B) > Flashcards

The Brain and Cranial Nerves(Bio40B) Flashcards

1
Q

Which statement is false in reference to the cranial meninges?

a) have the same basic structure as the spinal meninges
b) have three layers of the dura mater
c) are continuous with the spinal meninges
d) are named the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and the pia mater

A

b) have three layers of the dura mater

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2
Q

Which statement best describes the location of the cerebellum?

a) anterior to cerebrum and anterior to brain stem
b) posterior to brainstem and inferior to cerebrum
c) superior to cerebrum and posterior to brainstem
d) superior to brainstem and posterior to cerebrum

A

d) superior to brainstem and posterior to cerebrum

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3
Q

Which of the following is not a true statement regarding the Blood-brain barrier(BBB)?

a) astrocytes play a primary role
b) it consists mainly of gap junctions
c) it prevents passage of possible therapeutic drugs
d) it allows easy passage of lipid-soluble substances
e) it prevents the flow of proteins across it

A

B) IT CONSISTS MAINLY OF GAP JUNCTIONS

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4
Q

The blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier dos not allow any substances from the blood to enter the CSF. T/F

A

b) False

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5
Q

Which structure is the Pons?

A

Look at picture

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6
Q

The term ‘decussation” means:

A

d) crossing

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7
Q

Which statement is false about the medulla oblongata?

a) the cardiovascular center regulates heart rate
b) the nuclei of the medulla oblongata are masses of white matter where neurons synapse
c) some nuclei are involved with coughing swallowing, and sneezing
d) the medullary rhythmicity center adjusts breathing

A

B) THE NUCLEI OF THE MEDULLA OBLONGATA ARE MASSES OF WHITE MATTER WHERE NEURONS SYNAPSE

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8
Q

The reticular activating system(RAS) is a part of the reticular formation. The primary function of the ascending fibers of the RAS is to maintain muscle tone. T/F

A

b) False

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9
Q

Which statement about the cerebellum is true?

a) tracts of gray matter within it are called arbor vitae
b) the cerebellar peduncles attach it to the cerebrum
c) the cerebellar lobes are also called tentorium cerebelli
d) its prime function is to ‘fine tune’ motor function
e) the sagittal fissure separates it from the cerebrum

A

D) ITS PRIME FUNCTION IS TO ‘FINE TUNE’ MOTOR FUNTION.

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10
Q

The primary neurological function of all three pairs of cerebellar peduncles is to relay information between the cerebellum and the skeletal muscles. T/F

A

b) False

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11
Q

Which of the following is true of the thalamus?

a) it is the major relay center for just motor impulses
b) it is a component of the diencephalon
c) it precisely locates sensations of pain, temperature, pressure and sound

A

B) IT IS A COMPONENT OF THE DIENCEPHALON

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12
Q

Hypothalamic axons extend to the pituitary gland and secrete hormones. Therefore, it is considered to be a part of both the nervous and endocrine systems. T/F

A

a) True

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13
Q

Identify the cerebral cortex in this illustration

A

Look at picture

c) C

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14
Q

Which statement is true?

a) the central sulcus separates the parietal lobe from the temporal lobe
b) the postcentral gyrus contains the primary motor area
c) the insula lies within the precentral gyrus
d) the lateral cerebral sulcus separates the frontal lobe from the temporal lobe

A

D) THE LATERAL CEREBRAL SULCUS SEPARATES THE FRONTAL LOBE FROM THE TEMPORAL LOBE.

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15
Q

A projection tract is one which:

A

a) consist of axons that conduct nerve impulses to or from the cerebrum.

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16
Q

Which of the following is a function of the basal ganglia?

a) control subconscious contraction of skeletal muscles
b) influence attention, memory and planning
c) help initiate and terminate movements
d) assist in regulating emotional behaviors
e) all of these choices are functions of the basal ganglia

A

E) ALL OF THESE

17
Q

Which component of the brain is referred to as the “emotional brain” as it plays primary role in a wide range of emotions?

A

b) limbic system

18
Q

The primary visual area is located in which lobe of the brain?

A

b) Occipital

19
Q

Subtle anatomical differences between each hemisphere in the brain is called:

A

c) Hemispheric lateralization

20
Q

Which statement is true regarding cranial nerves?

a) they pass through intervertebral foramina
b) there are 31 pairs
c) they are part of the peripheral nervous system
d) they all contain sensory and motor axons
e) they originate from the brainstem, cerebellum and cerebrum

A

C) THEY ARE A PART OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

21
Q

Which is a true statement regarding the effects of aging on the brain?

a) brain mass and conduction velocity stay the same
b) conduction velocity increases and brain mass decreases
c) the number of synapses remains constant and conduction velocity remains constant
d) reflex times increase and brain mass declines
e) the number of synapses decreases and reflex time decreases

A

D) reflex times increase and brain mass declines

22
Q

Which of the following is not a function of the cerebellum?

a) monitors actual movement
b) provides movement corrections
c) Monitors intentions for movement
d) initiates movement

A

d) initiates movement

23
Q

Which of the following brain structures consists of the thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus?

a) Cerebellum
b) Brain stem
c) Cerebrum
d) Diencephalon

A

d) Diencephalon

24
Q

This region of the brain serves as the major relay station for most sensory impulses that reach the primary sensory areas of the cerebral cortex from the spinal cord and brain stem.

A

a) Thalamus

25
Q

Which of the following is a function of the basal ganglia?

a) control subconscious contraction of skeletal muscles
b) influence attention, memory and planning
c) help initiate and terminate movements
d) all of these choices are functions of the basal ganglia

A

d) all of these choices are functions of the basal ganglia

26
Q

Which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for conscious movements of the body?

a) primary somatosensory area in the postcentral gyrus
b) Primary visual area
c) Olfactory area
d) Primary motor area in the precentral gyrus

A

d) Primary motor area in the precentral gyrus

27
Q

Which of the following functional areas of the cerebrum is responsible for sensing body touch and temperature?

a) Prefrontal cortex area
b) Primary visual area
c) Primary motor area in the precentral gyrus
d) Primary somatosensory area in the postcentral gyrus

A

d) primary somatosensory area in the postcentral gyrus

28
Q

The Hypothalamus is…

A

the thermostat of the body

29
Q

The lobe that contains the primary motor area is…

A

d) Frontal lobe

30
Q

Parkinson’s disease result from the degeneration of the…

A

Basal Ganglia

31
Q

The vital centers for the control of heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing are found in the…

A

Medulla Oblongata

32
Q

Pyramids are..

A

White matter protrusions found on the medulla oblongata

Bio40a (11 decks)

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