Muscles to know Flashcards
Frontalis
draws scalp forward, raise eyebrows, wrinkle forehead
ORIGIN: Epicranial aponeurosis
INSERTION: Skin of the eyebrow and the forehead
Occipitalis
draws scalp backward
ORIGIN: Superior nuchal line of occipital bone
INSERTION: Epicranial aponeurosis
Orbicularis oris
moves lips
ORIGIN: anteromedial surface of maxilla; anteromedial of mandible
INSERTION: Skin and Fascia of the lips
Zygomaticus major
draws angle of mouth up = smile
Buccinator
compresses cheek, cave in, like sucking straw
Orbicularis oculi
closes the eye
Masseter
elevates mandible
ORIGIN: Zygomatic arch
INSERTION: Angle and Ramus of Mandible
Temporalis
elevates and retracts mandible
Sternocleidomastoid
flex cervical vertebrae, rotates face to side
ORIGIN: Sternal head; anterior surface of manubrium; Clavicular head
INSERTION: Mastoid process & lateral part of superior nuchal line
Rectus abdominis
compresses abdomen, flexes lumbar vertebrae
External oblique
both -compress abdomen
Diaphragm
floor of thoracic cavity, contracts for inhalation
Internal intercostals
draws adjacent ribs together during forced exhalation
External intercostals
elevates ribs during inhalation
Pectoralis major
flex, adduct and rotate arm medially
ORIGIN: Medial half of clavicle; anterior surface of manubrium of sternum; costal cartilages
INSERTION: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Serratus anterior
rotates scapula upward and laterally, elevates ribs
Trapezius
elevates clavicle, adducts scapula
Levator scapulae
elevates scapula and rotates slightly downward
Rhomboideus major
adducts scapula and rotates slightly downward
Latissimus dorsi
extend, adduct and rotate arm medially
ORIGIN: Inferior angle of Scapula
INSERTION: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Deltoid
abducts, flexes, extends, medially and laterally rotates arm
ORIGIN: Acromion
INSERTION: Deltoid tuberosity of Humerus
Teres major
extends arm, assists in adduction
Teres minor
rotates arm laterally, extends and adducts arm
Biceps brachii
flexes and supinates the forearm, flexes the arm
Brachioradialis
flexes forearm, role in supination, pronation of forearm
ORIGIN: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
INSERTION: Lateral surface of distal end of radius
Triceps brachii
extends forearm and arm
Flexor carpi radialis
flex and abduct wrist
Flexor carpi ulnaris
flex and adduct wrist
Extensor digitorum
extend phalanges
Gluteus maximus
extends, rotates thigh laterally
ORIGIN: Fascia of the gluteus medius; external surface of ilium behind the posterior gluteal line.
INSERTION: Upper fibers; the posterior part of the iliotibial tract and the fasciae latae muscles
Tensor fasciae latae
flexes and abducts thigh
Quadriceps femoris
Rectus femoris -extend leg, flex thigh
- Vastus lateralis -extend leg
- Vastus medialis -extend leg
- Vastus intermedius -extend leg
Hamstrings
Biceps femoris -flex leg, extend thigh
i. Semitendinosus -flex leg, extend thigh
ii. Semimembranosus -flex leg, extend thigh
Gracilis
adducts thigh, flex leg
Sartorius
longest muscle-flex leg, flex thigh, rotate thigh
Gastrocnemius
plantar flexion of foot (point toe), flex leg
Tibialis anterior
dorsiflexes, inverts foot
ORIGIN: Lateral proximal tibia; tibial condyle; interosseous membrane; the superficial crural fascia
INSERTION: Medial surface of the medial cuneiform bone and the 1st metatarsal bone.
Triceps Brachi(long head)
ORIGIN: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
INSERTION: Olecranon process of ulna via triceps brachii tendon.
Triceps Brachii(Lateral head)
ORIGIN: Part of posterior surface of humerus that lies superior to radial groove
INSERTION: Olecranon process of ulna via triceps brachii tendon
Triceps Brachii(Medial head)
ORIGIN: Part of posterior surface of humerus that lies inferior to radial groove.
INSERTION: Olecranon process of ulna via triceps brachii tendon
Biceps Brachii(long head)
ORIGIN: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
INSERTION: Radial tuberosity; fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
Biceps Brachii(short head)
ORIGIN: Coracoid process of scapula
INSERTION: Radial tuberosity; fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
Quadricep femoris(Vastus intermedius)
ORIGIN: Anterior & Lateral surface of the femur
INSERTION: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
Quadricep femoris(Vastus medialis)
ORIGIN: Medial lip of the linea aspera of the femur and the intertrochanteric line
INSERTION: The patella & tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
Quadricep femoris(Vastus lateralis)
ORIGIN: Greater trochanter of the femur; lateral lip of the linea aspera; the gluteal tuberosity
INSERTION: Tibial tuberosity via the patella ligament
Quadricep femoris(Rectus Femoris)
ORIGIN: Anterior inferior iliac spine and the superior part of the acetablulum.
INSERTION: Tibial tuberosity and the patella via Quadriceps tendon.
Bicep Femoris(HAMSTRINGS) ~SHORT HEAD
ORIGIN: Lateral lip of the lineal aspera of the femur
INSERTION: Head of the fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia
Bicep Femoris(HAMSTRINGS) ~LONG HEAD
ORIGIN: Ischial tuberosity and the sacrotuberous ligament
INSERTION: Head of the fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia
