The Bible- Historical Background and Structure (U1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Bible?

A

Complete list/collection of writings written under divine inspiration by God
- Intended to help his people and lead them towards good

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2
Q

What are the two canons?

A

Old testament- Jewish Scripture
New testament- Christian writings

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3
Q

Canon definition?

A

Complete collection of scripture

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4
Q

Traits of the Old Testament?

A
  • Verbally passed down then written
  • May be 3,400 years old
  • Scriptures developed and added over time
  • Current completed version made 2000-2200 years ago
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5
Q

Traits of the New Testament?

A
  • Developed over time, contains verballed passed down Scripture
  • 4 Gospels, tells Jesus’ birth till death, written between 60-90 AD
  • Early church debate what writings are canon, early writing are an indication of which are authorative
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6
Q

What were the debates in the Catholic church about the Scripture?

A

After 100 years of scripture examination in 352 AD at the Council of Rome
- Debates in mid 500s of legitimate scripture with the Protestant Reformation
- Martin Luther translated the Bible to German in 1534, and categorized the books according to his understanding of legitimacy, lead to the Protestant Reformation
- Luther excluded 7 Old Testament books, deeming them unequal to the other books
- Books excluded called: Apocrypha (Luther and Protestants), Deuterocanonical (Catholics)
- Protestant translations= 66 books, Catholics= 73

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7
Q

How should we interpret the Scripture?

A
  • God speaks in a human way
  • Understand the author’s intention and what God wanted to reveal
  • Catechism of the Catholic church ‘attentive to the content and unity of the whole scripture’
  • Seems disconnected, but reveals the overall truth of Jesus being the centre of the truth and the plan it reveals
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8
Q

What are the two sense of Scripture?

A

Literal and spiritual

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9
Q

What is literal scripture understanding?

A

Understanding based on taking words of the Scripture as real world events and truths
- To properly understand, proper analysis of words is important (word usage/meaning changes over time)
- Catholics accept some part of the Bible as non literal, other use complex analysis and start with literal analysis first

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10
Q

What are the three spiritual scripture understanding?

A

Allegorical sense, moral sense and anagogical sense

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11
Q

What is allegorical sense?

A

Symbolical meanings in Bible events that reveal the truth of God’s plan

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12
Q

What is moral sense?

A

Truths in scripture that informs and provides examples on how to live justly/morally

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13
Q

What is anagogical sense?

A

Through reading scripture, directed towards eternal/ultimate goal which is heaven
- Anagoge= leading (Greek)
- Glimpse of truth about heaven and how to get there

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14
Q

What is the use of literary genres?

A

To properly understand and interpret the bible as there are multiple types of writing
- Each communicates in a different way and purpose

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15
Q

What are all the literary genres?

A

Historical account, law, prophecy, wisdom, poetry, letters, gospels, parables, apocalypse

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16
Q

Historical account literary genre?

A

Story about people’s lives and deeds, normally historical events

17
Q

Law literary genre?

A

Set rules of conduct/moral principles guiding one’s relationship with God and others

18
Q

Prophecy literary genre?

A

Accounts and words of messengers of God’s word, brought His message to a group of people
- Words of comfort/call to conversion

19
Q

Wisdom literary genre?

A

Statements giving instructions, usually sort and to the point advice

20
Q

Poetry literary genre?

A

Sacred poems/songs, meant to express a relationship with God and others
- Expresses hopes/fears of a person/nation

21
Q

Letters literary genre?

A

Specific communication, usually describes events/gives guidance
- Usually a targeted audience

22
Q

Gospels literary genre?

A

Faith accounts of life, death and resurrection of Jesus (his stories and sayings)

23
Q

Parables literary genre?

A

Stories based on ordinary life, usually contains a twist/surprise, used to teach by comparing a familiar understanding with a new/unfamiliar understanding

24
Q

Apocalypse literary genre?

A

Revealing/uncovering of new knowledge, usually seen as God’s victory over forces of evil
- Message of hope for the faithful

25
Q

Exegesis definition?

A

Critical interpretation and explanation of biblical text
- Thoughtful and thorough review, takes into account all aspects and senses
- Understands language symbols, history, and culture human author was influenced by
- Understands human author’s intention- in writing the book, and what is revealed through their words

26
Q

Difference between exegesis and hermeneutics?

A

Hermeneutics= grammar
Exegesis= language, sets guiding principles

27
Q

Hermeneutics definition?

A

Way of interpreting texts and events to help understand its meaning in the 21st century
- Understand first exegesis, then hermeneutics