the basics of reproductive physiology Flashcards

1
Q

DNA replication is also known as

sexual reproduction

A

meiosis

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2
Q

cell division into 2 daughter cells is also known as

cellular proliferation

A

mitosis

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3
Q

after ovulation, the follicle becomes the

A

corpus luteum

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4
Q

where is the corpus luteum?

A

the ovary

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5
Q

what hormone does the corpus luteum release?

A

progesterone

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6
Q

when does the follicular phase begin?

A

on the first day of a woman’s period

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7
Q

when does the follicular phase end?

A

ovulation

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8
Q

what repairs the endometrial lining after your period?

A

oestrogen

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9
Q

what is menarche?

A

your first menstrual period

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10
Q

oestrogen predominantly increases during which phase?

A

follicular

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11
Q

progesterone predominantly increases during which phase?

A

luteal

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12
Q

if there is no fertilised egg - the uterine lining sheds due to low…

A

progesterone and oestrogen

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13
Q

what does GnRH (from the hypothalamus) do?

A

increases LH and FSH secretion from the anterior pituitary

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14
Q

oestrodial (from granulosa cells) supports the development of what?

A

secondary females sexual characteristics and reproductive organs

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15
Q

oestrodial is under negative feedback control of … and ….

A

LH and GnRH

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16
Q

too few immature follicles to support the menstrual ovulation cycle is called

A

menopause

17
Q

cell stages of sperm

A

spermatogonium (immature germ cell)

spermatocyte

spermatid

sperm (spermatozoa)

18
Q

where is testosterone produced?

A

leydig cells in the testes

small amounts from adrenal glands (male and female)

19
Q

where is sperm produced?

A

germ cells in testes

20
Q

where is SEMEN created?

A

seminal vesicle and prostate

21
Q

fertilisation of the egg and sperm takes place where?

A

fallopian tube

22
Q

what is the pathway of a sperm?

A

made in the testes

vas deferens

joins the seminal vesicle

forms ejaculatory duct

passes through prostate to reach urethra

23
Q

what hormone acts on spermatogonia to invoke spermatogenesis?

A

FSH

24
Q

what hormone acts on leydig cells in the testes to invoke testosterone production?

A

LH

25
Q

where is testosterone made?

A

testes

and small amounts in the adrenals

26
Q

where is semen made?

A

seminal vesicle and prostate

27
Q

where is sperm made?

A

germ cells

28
Q

what are your most fertile days?

A

8-19