Contraception Flashcards
what are the three main combined hormonal contraceptive methods?
COC pill (daily)
Patch ERVA (change weekly)
Ring (Nuvaring) (change every 3 weeks)
what are the two hormones in combined hormonal contraceptive methods?
progestogen (synthetic progesterone)
ethinyl estradiol (synthetic oestrogen)
benefits of combined hormonal contraception
regulates/ reduced bleeding
50% reduction in endometrial and cervical cancer
reduced no of ovarian cysts
stops ovulation (helps premenstrual syndrome)
what would you prescribe heavy/painful periods?
combined hormonal contraception
unwanted side effects of combined hormonal contraception
breast tenderness
nausea
headache
irregular bleeding in the 1st 3 months
mood changes
weight gain
name some serious risks associated with combined hormonal contraception use
venous thrombosis (DVT or PE)
arterial thrombosis (MI or stroke)
cervical cancer
breast cancer
the pill (combined hormonal) triples the risk of what?
venous thromboembolism
⅓ bleed free, ⅓ irregular, ⅓ regular periods - what are they on?
progesterone only (mini-pill)
anovulant
a drug that suppresses ovulation
progesterone only side effects
headache
acne
weight gain (appetite increase)
fluid retention
hair loss
mood change
what pill gives no increased risk of arterial or venous thrombosis?
progesterone only (POP) mini pill
how often do you get ‘the jag’ - injectable progesterone?
every 13 weeks
what 3 things does the progesterone only JAG in the buttocks do to prevent fertility?
prevents ovulation
alters cervical mucus (makes it hostile for sperm)
makes the endometrium unsuitable for implantation
side effects of progesterone jag
delay in return to fertility (about 9 months)
reduced bone density
weight gain (2-3kg)
progestogen only methods of contraception
Progestogen only pill (POP)
implant (NEXPLANON)
injection ((DEPO-POVERA)
IUS (MIRENA)
Non-hormonal forms of contraception (4)
male condoms
female condoms
diaphragm/cup
IUD (copper intrauterine coil)
what are the two intrauterine contraceptive devices?
copper coil
levonorgestrel IUS (Mirena/ Kyleena)
how does the hormonal intrauterine device work?
affects cervical mucus and endometrium (most women still ovulate)
stops fertilisation of the egg
how long after conception can you use the copper coil?
120 hours
How long after conception can you use levonorgestrel pill?
72 hours
how long after conception can you use the ulipristal pill?
ellaone
120 hours
what are the 3 types of emergency contraception?
copper IUD
Levonelle (levonorgestrel pill)
Ellaone (ulipristal pill)
Medication taken for a medical abortion
mifepristone
when should you ideally start contraception?
in the first 5 days of your cycle
if you don’t start contraception in the first 5 days of your cycle - what should you do?
abstain from sex for 7 days
