pharmacology

Question 1

classes of drug to avoid when pregnant

Answer 1

antihypertensives (ACE inhibitors)

anticoagulants (warfarin)

anticonvulsants (valporate)

alcohol

retinoids

NSAIDs

Question 2

drugs to avoid when breast feeding

Answer 2

cytotoxics

immunosuppressants

anticonvulsants (but not all)

lithium

drugs of abuse

radio-iodine

Question 3

what would you give a pregnant woman with a UTI?

Answer 3

trimethoprin

Question 4

breast feeding mother with back pain - what do you prescribe?

Answer 4

paracetamol and ibuprofen (too small to be in breast milk)

Question 5

physiological changes in pregnant women

Answer 5

increase in plasma volume and fat (changes distribution of drugs)

GFR increased

GI motility and gastric emptying increased

Question 6

why are oral route drugs often not ideal in pregnant women?

Answer 6

morning sickness

Question 7

materials that cross the placenta

mother to fetus?

Answer 7

oxygen

glucose

AAs

lipids, FAs, glycerol

vitamins

ions (Na, Cl, Ca, Fe)

alcohol, nicotine, other drugs

viruses

antibodies

Question 8

materials that cross the placenta

fetus to mother?

Answer 8

carbon dioxide

urea

other waste products

Question 9

when does teratogenicity occur?

Answer 9

first trimester

Question 10

when does fetotoxicity occur?

Answer 10

second and third trimester

Question 11

what are the functions of the placenta?

Answer 11

attach fetus to uterine wall

provide nutrients fo r the fetus

allow transfer of waste products to mothers blood