The Barque (1600-1750)

Question 1

What is the Barque considered to be?

Answer 1

Its considered to be one of the most innovative and creative periods in European art history

Question 2

What style was before the renaissance?

Answer 2

Byzantine

Question 3

Features of Byzantine

Answer 3

Flat, symbol like, little resemblance to the human world.

Question 4

What is naturalism

Answer 4

When images look like our natural world.

Question 5

What style of art appeared after the renaissance?

Answer 5

Mannerism- most artists imitating the style of the high renaissance. Artists thought that it was impossible to surpass the great artists

Question 6

An artist in the mannerism period who took a different approach in painting

Answer 6

‘St Francis receiving the Stigmata’- El Greco
National gallery of Ireland

Question 7

What is mannerism sometimes considered to be

Answer 7

Mannerism is sometimes considered to be a bridge between the gap of Renaissance and the barque

Question 8

When was the Braque

Answer 8

1600-1750

Question 9

The origin of the term Barque

Answer 9

Originally used as a insult- irregular. Barocco- used to describe misshapen pearls

Question 10

When was the Reformation

Answer 10

16th century

Question 11

Who led the reformation

Answer 11

Martin Luther

Question 12

What was the reformation

Answer 12

Major movement within western Christianity that posed a religious and political threat to the catholic church. It was the start of Protestantism

Question 13

Why did the reformation start.

Answer 13

Luther and his followers were unhappy about the mistakes, corruption and abuses withing the catholic church. e.g. nepotism

Question 14

What was the name of the new branch of the Christian church that developed as a result

Answer 14

Protestantism

Question 15

What was the response by the catholic church known as

Answer 15

The counter reformation

Question 16

What was the council of trent

Answer 16

An order of priests to reform the abuses and errors in the church and attract the common people back towards Catholicism

Question 17

What impact did the council of Trent have on art required by the catholic church

Answer 17

They wanted to make sure that art communicated the storied of the bible effectively.

Question 18

What type of subject matter became popular and why

Answer 18

Saints and martyrs who dies for their beliefs. This was to evoke emotions and would excite and appeal and would capture their imagination. Send the message of the glory of the catholic church

Question 19

Example of a piece of art that was designed to attract people back to the church

Answer 19

The crucifixion of St. peter- Caravaggio

Question 20

What city became central to the development of the barque style, and why

Answer 20

Rome. after challenges posed by the rise of Protestantism, Catholic churches and palaces multiplied and were decorated in a new and confident style

Question 21

Was the Barque limited to this city and country?

Answer 21

Barque is a international style. Rome became a ‘melting pot’ of styles through its contact with artists from all over europe.

Question 22

What subject matter became popular with Barque artists?

Answer 22

Dramatic and highly emotional- most dramatic moments from the bible. Martyrdom (being killed for your Christian beliefs.) and saintly visions.

Question 23

Describe the composition used by Barque artists

Answer 23

Complex and energetic compositions ( less cam and symmetrical) The viewer is compelled to activity participate in a baroque work. the figures are so close to the front of the canvus.

Question 24

Describe the Light used by Barque artists

Answer 24

Richer and often dramatic contrast of light and shade, which shows theatricality with intense contrasts between light and looming shadows.

Question 25

Describe the colour used by Barque artists

Answer 25

Radiant and glowing

Question 26

Describe the brushwork used by Barque artists

Answer 26

Freer and more expressive brushwork in many cases. Showing light tone and atmosphere

Question 27

Why was the art of the high renaissance not wanted by the catholic church

Answer 27

Art of the high renaissance was often more subtle and restrained

Question 28

Example of high Renaissance art

Answer 28

The pieta - Michelangelo

Question 29

Example of dramatic Barque art

Answer 29

The crucifixion of St peter

Question 30

key aspects of Barque sculpture

and how it contrasted with the renaissance

Answer 30

Barque Sculptures are full of energy, physicality and dynamic movement.
The High Renaissance communicates calm and controlled emotional

Question 31

Key aspects of Barque architecture.

Answer 31

Use of decorative sculptures, plasterwork and richly coloured marble to transport out thought into heaven. Trompe I’oeil- illusions

Question 32

Media and areas of practice during the Barque period

Answer 32

Marble
Oil paint-dried slowly, giving artists time to perfect their techniques, reflected light and could be applied in glazes

Question 33

What is a patorn

Answer 33

a person/ organisation that has power providing support to artists

Question 34

what is patronage

Answer 34

the support and sponsorship that is given to artists by the church, the monarchy and other wealthy sponsors. baroque art served as powerful medium to communicate and solidify the values and ideals of it patrons

Question 35

who was the main patron in spain, france and belgium, explain

Answer 35

the catholic church and the monarchy were primary patrons, using art to inspire faith, reniforce religious orthodoxy and demostrate their authority

Question 36

who was the main partons in netherlands

Answer 36

the emerging middle class and civic intitutions comissioned art to reflect their social status, cultural values and the prosperity of the dutch republic

Question 37

descibe the effects of baroque art in italy

Answer 37

the baroque art in italy florished as a key tool of the catholic church during the counter reformation. The church comissioned large scale paintings, sculptures and architectual works to inspire awe and renforce catholic doctrine.

Question 38

descibe the effects of baroque art in holland

Answer 38

art in the netherlands was largly supported by wealthy merchants and civic groups. artists focused on everyday life(grene) portraiture and scenes of domestic tranquility.this reflected their social status, cultural values and the prosperity of the dutch republic

Question 39

descibe the effects of baroque art in belgium

Answer 39

art was closely tied to both the catholic church ad the monarchy.
belgium suffered protestant iconoclasm during the reformation, the catholic church embarked on a campaign of restoring and decorating alters with powerful, baroque works that emphasise their control
eg paul rublens

Question 40

descibe the effects of baroque art in spain

Answer 40

spain is marked by its intense religious themes, sombre tones and realistic depictions of suffering and mertyrdom.
eg las meninas emphasised piety and the power of the monarchy.the monarchy used baroque art to renenforce catholic values in a period of political and religious consolidation

Question 41

descibe the effects of baroque art in france

Answer 41

baroque art glorified and reaffirmed the control of king louis , the versailles palace was decorated to show a poerful expression the the kings authority