The Artificial Horizon Flashcards
What type of gyro does the AH use?
Earth gyro
In what axis is the AH gyro?
Vertical axis gyro
When considering the artificial horizon, the freedom of rotation about the lateral axis, inner gimbal, is how much?
55 degrees either side of the horizon
When the aircraft initiates bank, what are the movements of the inner and outer gimbals?
No movement, the inner and outer gimbals remain fixed to the true horizontal/vertical. Only the instrument case, the angle of bank scale and the miniature aircraft rotate about the aircraft’s longitudinal axis.
Movement of the outer gimbal indicates?
Roll
Movement of the inner gimbal indicates?
Pitch
Pendulous error during acceleration will result in a false?
Right bank indication
Pendulous error during deceleration will result in a false?
Left bank indication
Erection error during deceleration will result in a false?
Descent indication
RPM of the electrical artificial horizon?
22 000rpm
The electrical artificial horizon is held to the true vertical by?
torque motors controlled by mercury levelling switches
During a 360 degree turn, at what point will turning error be maximum?
At 180 degrees into the turn, thereafter reducing to zero
The RPM of a suction AH?
15 000 RPM
AH turning errors:
Turning through 90°:
Turning through 180°:
Turning through 270°:
Turning through 360°:
AH turning errors:
Turning through 90°: Under reads bank angle; Pitch error – indicating a climb
Turning through 180°: Bank angle correct; Pitch error – indicating a climb (maximum pitch up error)
Turning through 270°: Over reads bank angle; Pitch error – indicating a climb
Turning through 360°: Bank angle correct; Pitch correct
The layout of the vanes viewed from above, and the direction rotation of the gyro?
Top and bottom vanes are to the right, left vane at the top and right vanes and the bottom.
Anti-clockwise
Erection error during acceleration will indicate:
A false climb
Air-driven AH gyro: kept in the vertical by
Electrical AH gyro: kept in the vertical by
pendulous vanes/air jets
two mercury switches sending signals to torque motors
The attitude display consists of a miniature aircraft shape or ‘gull-wing’ (tail view) painted or
engraved centrally on the inside of the glass face of the instrument, and therefore fixed to the instrument case and the -
Behind this representation of the aircraft is the horizon bar, linked to the gyro in such a way that the bar is gyro-stabilized parallel to the -
actual aircraft
True horizon
With older designs, typical limits are ± __° in pitch and ___° each way in roll.
In modern instruments there is _______ freedom in roll and up to __° (plus or minus) in pitch
With older
designs, typical limits are ± 60° in pitch and 110° each way in roll.
In modern instruments
there is complete freedom in roll and up to 85° (plus or minus) in pitch
During normal coordinated turns, what error due to precession should you observe when rolling out to straight and level flight from a 180° steep turn to the right?
A
The miniature aircraft would show a slight descent and wings level attitude
B
A straight and level coordinated flight indication
C
The miniature aircraft would show a slight turn indication to the left
C
The miniature aircraft would show a slight turn indication to the left
The characteristics of the gyroscope used in a gyromagnetic compass system are:
A
one degree of freedom, whose axis is maintained in the direction of the local vertical by an erecting system
B
two degrees of freedom, whose axis is maintained in the direction of the local vertical by an erecting system
C
two degrees of freedom, whose horizontal axis corresponding to the reference direction is maintained in the horizontal plane by an erecting system
D
one degree of freedom, whose horizontal axis is maintained in the horizontal plane by an erecting system
C
two degrees of freedom, whose horizontal axis corresponding to the reference direction is maintained in the horizontal plane by an erecting system
The heading read on the dial of a directional gyro is subject to errors, one of which is due to the movement of the aircraft. This error…
A
is dependent on the ground speed of the aircraft, its true track and the latitude of the flight
B
is at its greatest value when the aircraft follows a meridional track
C
shows itself by an apparent rotation of the horizontal axis of the gyroscope which seems to turn at 15° per hour to the right in the northern hemisphere
D
is, in spite of this, insignificant and may be neglected
A
is dependent on the ground speed of the aircraft, its true track and the latitude of the flight
The heading read on the dial of a directional gyro is subject to errors, one of which is due to the movement of the aircraft. This error…
A
is dependent on the ground speed of the aircraft, its true track and the latitude of the flight
B
is at its greatest value when the aircraft follows a meridional track
C
shows itself by an apparent rotation of the horizontal axis of the gyroscope which seems to turn at 15° per hour to the right in the northern hemisphere
D
is, in spite of this, insignificant and may be neglected
A
is dependent on the ground speed of the aircraft, its true track and the latitude of the flight
The flux valve of a gyromagnetic compass:
1 - feeds the error detector
2 - feeds the direct indicating compass
3 - gives the earth’s magnetic field direction
The combination regrouping all of the correct statements is:
A
1, 3
B
2, 3
C
3
D
1, 2
A
1, 3
Remember FEAT
