The Arm Flashcards
What does the capitulum articulate with?
The head of the radius
What does the trochlear articulate with?
The trochlear notch of the ulna
What does the annular ligament do?
Holds the head of the radius in place next to the ulna
Wraps around the radius at the neck portion - allowing the radius to wrap around the ulna during supination and pronation
How does the radius articulate with the ulna?
Proximally - Radial notch on the ulna
Distally - Ulna notch on the radius
What is the blood supply in through the upper limb?
Subclavian artery
Axillary artery
Brachial artery
Ulna and radial artery
(interosseous from the ulna artery)
Deep palmar arch - from radius
Superficial palmar arch - from ulna
(Common digital arteries from the superficial palmar arch)
At what point does the subclavian artery become the axially artery?
At the LATERAL border of the FIRST RIB
At what point does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
At the inferior border of the teres MAJOR
When does the brachial artery split into the ulna and radial arteries?
In the cubital fossa
Where does the subclavian artery branch from?
Direct branch from aorta on the left
From the brachiocephalic trunk on the right
What nerve roots form the brachial plexus?
C5-T1
What are the terminal branches of the brachial plexus?
1) Axillary
2) Muscolocutaneous
3) Radial
4) Median
5) Ulna
What do all the muscles on the front of the arm and forearm do?
Flex
What do all the muscles on the back of the arm and forearm do?
Extend
What muscles does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?
All the anterior muscles of the ARM:
- Biceps Brachii
- Corocobrachiallis
- Brachialis
What are ALL of the posterior muscles of the arm innervated by?
The radial nerve
What is the long head of the triceps brachii SOMETIMES innervated by?
The axially nerve
What is the ‘danger zone’?
The medial side of the biceps - where the important nerves and arteries run
What action are the biceps good and not good for?
Good for supranation, not so good for flexing
What is the strongest flexor of the arm?
Brachialis
Which muscles of the anterior forearm are supeficial and which are deep?
Superficial: Biceps Brachii (2 heads)
Deep:
Corocobrachiallis
Brachiallis
What is the cubital fossa?
A triangular region of the elbow which marks the transition between the arm and the forarm
What run deeper, arteries or veins?
Arteries
What is the superior border of the cubital fossa?
Imaginary line between the medial and lateral epicondyles
What is the lateral border of the cubital fossa?
Medial border of the brachioradialis
What is the medial border of the cubital fossa?
Lateral border of the pronator teres
What is contained in the cubital fossa?
Biceps Tendon Brachial Artery (medially to BT) Median Nerve
When does the radial nerve transition into deep and and superficial branches?
As is passes beneath the brachioradialis (in the vicinity of the cubital fossa)
What is the floor of the cubital fossa?
Brachioradialis
What is venipuncture and what is the common site for this?
Puncture of a vein for a medical procedure (eg. take blood sample or for intravenous injection)
Common site is the median cubital vein in the roof of the cubital fossa
What is the roof of the cubital fossa?
Skin, fascia, bicipital aponuerous, median cubital vein
What is the brachial artery in the cubital fossa used for?
To listen to the korotokoff sounds during blood pressure
