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Anatomy Lab > The Appendicular Skeleton > Flashcards

The Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

The sternal end of the clavicle forms a saddle joint with the sternum, called…

A

sternoclavicular joint

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2
Q

Formed from the end of the acromial end of the clavicle and the acromion of the scapula; fixed joint

A

acromioclavicular joint

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3
Q

Flat, triangular bone that glides over the posterior surface of the thorax

A

scapula

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4
Q

serves as an attachment for the biceps brachii as well as other muscles of the should

A

coracoid process

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5
Q

joins the scapula to the clavicle at the immobile acromioclavicular joint

A

acromion

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6
Q

forms a ridge that separates the posterior surface into the supraspinous fossa and infraspinous fossa

A

spine of the scapula

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7
Q

Concave anterior surface of the scapula that faces the ribs

A

subscapular fossa

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8
Q

Forms part of the shoulder joint, where the head of the humerus articulates with the scapula

A

glenoid cavity

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9
Q

protraction of scapula

A

when reaching for something just out of reach; scapula slides laterally and somewhat anteriorly

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10
Q

retraction of scapula

A

when you pull your scapulae toward center of your back; scapula moves medially

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11
Q

elevation of scapula

A

when shrugging shoulders; scapula moves superiorly

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12
Q

depression of scapula

A

inferior movement of scapula

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13
Q

The bone within the brachium

A

humerus

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14
Q

Near the head of the humerus are two tubercles…

A

lateral greater tubercle and medial lesser tubercle

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15
Q

Between the lateral greater tubercle and medial lesser tubercle; an attachment site for some muscles that move the humerus

A

intertubercular groove

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16
Q

What is at the epiphyseal plate that separates the head of the humerus from its diaphysis

A

anatomical neck

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17
Q

A narrower region than the anatomical neck that is more commonly fractured than the anatomical neck

A

surgical neck

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18
Q

formed between the glenoid fossa of the scapula and the head of the humerus; shallow, and highly mobile ball and socket joint

A

glenohumeral joint

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19
Q

rotates the humerus inwardly

A

internal rotation of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint

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20
Q

rotates the humerus outwardly

A

external rotation of the shoulder joint

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21
Q

moves humerus posteriorly

A

extension of the shoulder

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22
Q

moves humerus anteriorly

A

flexion of shoulder

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23
Q

moves humerus toward body

A

adduction of shoulder

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24
Q

moves humerus away from body

A

abduction of shoulder

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25
Q

a spool-shaped condyle at the distal humerus that articulates with the ulna

A

trochlea

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26
Q

somewhat spherical condyle at the distal humerus that articulates with the radius

A

capitulum

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27
Q

On the posterior surface of the humerus; allows for the full extension of the elbow joint

A

olecranon fossa

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28
Q

Serves as the attachment for most of the anterior forearm muscles

A

medial epicondyle

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29
Q

attachment for most of the posterior forearm muscles

A

lateral epicondyle

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30
Q

Bone laterally located on the “thumb side” of your arm

A

radius

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31
Q

medially located on the “pinky side”

A

ulna

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32
Q

A ligamentous connection that holds the ulna and radius together

A

interosseous membrane

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33
Q

Distally, each bone terminates in a…..

A

styloid process

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34
Q

Where the ulna grips the trochlea of the humerus like a wrench; hinge joint, only flexion and extension possible

A

humeroulnar joint

35
Q

Where the radius articulates with the capitulum; only flexion, extension, and rotation of radius is possible

A

humeroradial joint

36
Q

Where the radial head fits into a depression in the ulna; pivot joint, permits the rotation of the humeroradial joint

A

radioulnar joint

37
Q

The primary joint of the wrist; a condyloid joint lying between the radius and ulna and the proximal row of carpals; flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction

A

radiocarpal joint

38
Q

What kind of joints are the joints between carpals

A

plane joints

39
Q

The proximal row of the carpals

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

40
Q

the distal row of the carpals

A

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

41
Q

Between metacarpal bones and proximal phalanges; condyloid joints that allow flexion, extensions, abduction, and adduction

A

metacarpophalangeal joints

42
Q

found between the proximal and intermediate phalanx of the digit; hinge joint that allows flexion and extension

A

proximal interphalangeal joints

43
Q

found between intermediate and distal phalanges; flexion and extension

A

distal interphalangeal joints

44
Q

Which digit lacks an intermediate phalanx

A

Digit 1, the pollex

45
Q

a fibrocartilaginous joint that connects the two hip bones anteriorly

A

pubic symphysis

46
Q

A centrally located socket for the femur

A

acetabulum

47
Q

What makes up the centrally located socket for the femur (acetabulum)

A

ilium, ischium, and pubis

48
Q

hip bones are posteriorly attached to the sacrum by which kind of joint

A

sacroiliac joints

49
Q

the most prominent landmark of the ilium and can be easily palpated

A

iliac crest

50
Q

a noticeable bump that serves as the attachment for the inguinal ligament

A

anterior superior iliac spine

51
Q

tough band that stretches to the pubis and creates a protected passageway for the neurovascular structures passing from the pelvis to the lower limb

A

inguinal ligament

52
Q

joins the pubis with the ilium

A

superior pubic ramus

53
Q

joins the pubis with the ischium

A

inferior pubic ramus

54
Q

found between the superior and inferior rami of the pubis, large hole is spanned by a tough “obturator membrane” that serves as an attachment for hip rotator muscles

A

obturator foramen

55
Q

third bone of the coxa

A

ischium

56
Q

rough patch on the most inferior region of the pelvis; this area is the part of the pelvis on which you sit, and it is the attachment site for the hamstring muscles on the posterior thigh

A

ischial tuberosity

57
Q

projects posteriorly form the acetabulum; creates a large notch superior to it

A

ischial spine

58
Q

passageway for the largest nerve in the entire body, the sciatic nerve

A

greater sciatic notch

59
Q

formed by the superior ramus of the pubis, the ilium, and the sacrum; is larger and rounder in females to allow for the fetus’s passage during childbirth

A

pelvic inlet

60
Q

The opening at the bottom of the pelvis; larger in females

A

pelvic outlet

61
Q

articulates with the acetabulum, forming a ball and socket joint

A

head of femur

62
Q

large projection of the femur and is the site for the attachment of the hip rotators

A

greater trochanter

63
Q

projection of femur which is the site for attachment of the hip flexors

A

lesser trochanter

64
Q

the condyles of the that articulate with the tibia and the patella to form the knee joint

A

medial and lateral condyles of the femur

65
Q

the articular surface for the patella

A

patellar surface

66
Q

At the proximal tibia; articulate with the femoral condyles

A

medial and lateral condyles of the tibia

67
Q

C-shaped cartilages lend stability to the knee joint

A

lateral and medial menisici

68
Q

Hinge joint, capable of only flexion and extension

A

knee

69
Q

On anterior surface of the tibia, serves as the attachment for the patellar tendon from the thigh’s quadriceps muscles

A

tibial tuberosity

70
Q

The joint in which the fibul articulates with the tibia proximally and distally

A

tibiofibular joints

71
Q

does not contribute to the knee joint but forms a fixed tibiofibular joint

A

head of fibula

72
Q

stabilizes the tibia and fibula

A

interosseous membrane

73
Q

Cradle the talus bone of the foot; can easily be felt

A

medial and lateral malleoli

74
Q

lower leg segment

A

crural region

75
Q

joint between the lower leg and the talus of the bone; saddle joint

A

talocrural joint

76
Q

movement of the foot in a superior direction

A

dorsiflexion

77
Q

moves the plantar surface inferiorly; as when standing on your toes

A

plantar flexion

78
Q

turns the foot medially

A

inversion

79
Q

turns the foot laterally

A

eversion

80
Q

forms a broad articular surface that glides against the tibia and is supported by the medial and lateral malleoli

A

talus

81
Q

forms the heel of the foot and the site of attachment of the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

A

calcaneus

82
Q

The remaining five tarsals forming part of the arch of the foot

A

navicular (medial), cuboid (intermediate), and cuneiform (lateral)

83
Q

where does the foot’s arch extend

A

from the calcaneus to the distal end of the metatarsals

84
Q

A strong ligament that holds the bones of the foot in an arch

A

plantar fascia

Anatomy Lab (8 decks)

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