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Anatomy Lab > Digestive, Urinary, and Reproductive Systems > Flashcards

Digestive, Urinary, and Reproductive Systems Flashcards

1
Q

three pairs of salivary glands

A

parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands

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2
Q

the teeth and tongue are located here, this space also includes the spaces beneath your tongue and between your teeth and labia

A

oral cavity

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3
Q

largest of the three salivary glands; its opening is through the oral mucosa and may be seen or felt around the 2nd upper molar

A

parotid gland

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4
Q

muscular contraction push bolus into the laryngopharynx

A

orophraynx

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5
Q

muscular contractions push the bolus into the esophagus

A

larnygopharynx

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6
Q

carries bolus to the stomach through its peristaltic contractions

A

esophagus

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7
Q

name of teeth in the maxillary bone

A

maxillary teeth

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8
Q

name of teeth in the mandible

A

mandibular teeth

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9
Q

first set of teeth

A

deciduous teeth

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10
Q

number and type of teeth in each of the four quadrants

A

two incisors, one canine, two premolars, and three molars

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11
Q

covers many digestive organs as they pass through the abdomen

A

visceral peritoneum

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12
Q

forms outer wall of the peritoneal cavity and, joins the body wall

A

parietal peritoneum

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13
Q

forms connection between the parietal and visceral layers

A

mesentery

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14
Q

organs behind or below the parietal peritoneum; kidneys, ureters

A

retroperitoneal

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15
Q

organs surrounded by the parietal peritoneum

A

intraperitoneal organs

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16
Q

top right region of abdominopelvic cavity

A

right hypochondriac region

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17
Q

top left region of abdominopelvic cavity

A

left hypochondriac region

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18
Q

top middle region of abdominopelvic cavity

A

epigastric region

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19
Q

center middle region of the abdominopelvic cavity

A

umbilical regiobn

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20
Q

right middle region of abdominopelvic cavity

A

right lumbar region

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21
Q

left middle region of abdominopelvic cavity

A

left lumbar region

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22
Q

center lower region of abdominopelvic cavity

A

hypogastric region

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23
Q

right lower region of abdominopelvic cavity

A

right iliac region

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24
Q

left lower region of abdominopelvic cavity

A

left iliac region

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25
large, fatty extension of the mesentery that hangs from the stomach and covers the large and small intestines
greater omentum
26
the esophagus opens to the stomach at the...
cardia
27
located at the esophagus and stomach junction
cardiac sphincter
28
rounded roof of the stomach
fundus
29
strong muscle that gates the entrance to the duodenum
pyloric sphincter
30
small intestine's first segment
duodenum
31
gastric walls are folded into ridges
rugae
32
narrow end of the stomach that leads into the pyloric sphincter
pylorus
33
middle region of the stomach
body of stomach
34
Movement of bile
liver>hepatic duct>cystic duct>gallbladder (stored)
35
when needed for fat absorption, bile goes to...
common bile duct
36
duct carries bile away from the gallbladder
cystic duct
37
duct carries bile away from all lobes of the liver
hepatic duct
38
duct carries bile from both liver and gallbladder to the duodenum
common bile duct
39
lobes of the liver
right, left, caudate (tail-like), and quadrate (4-sided)
40
Liver's functions
absorption, elimination, nutrient release
41
produces enzymes for digestion of macromolecules and bicarbonate for the neutralization of stomach acid. It's secretions travel to mix with chyme from the stomach
pancreas
42
functions to surveille the blood for the immune system
spleen
43
mixing chamber for the pancreas' secretions, bile from the liver and gallbladder, and chyme from the stomach; role to neutralize acidic chyme, digest macromolecules, and begin absorbing nutrients into circulation
duodenum
44
Upper left quadrant of the abdomen, connects to duodenum; part of small intestine; primary location of absorption of nutrients
jejunum
45
Lower right quadrant, part of small intestine;
ileum
46
where the ileum releases its contents into the cecum
iliocecal junction
47
attached to the cecum and does not serve in waste movement; blind-ended
appendix
48
path of material movement in large intestine
cecum>ascending colon>transverse colon> descending colon>rectum>anus
49
filter large amounts of blood from the renal arteries and produce urine as waste
kidneys
50
muscular tube that contracts in peristaltic waves to move urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
ureter
51
receives urine from the ureters and stores it
bladder
52
drains urine from the bladder
urethra
53
outer covering of the kidney's connective tissue and provides a final layer of protection
renal capsule
54
outer portion of the kidney
renal cortex
55
inner region of the kidney
renal medulla
56
discrete segments of the renal medulla; contain collecting ducts that are first part of the collection system
renal pyramids
57
portions of the renal cortex that project into the space surrounding the pyramids
renal column
58
collects urine from the renal pyramids
minor calyx
59
collect urine from the minor calyx
major calyx
60
drains urine from the major calyces and passes it to the ureter
renal pelvis
61
muscular tube that contracts in peristaltic waves to move urine into urinary bladder
ureter
62
forms a voluntary skeletal muscle ring around the urethra that can contract to prevent urination until an appropriate time
external urethral sphincter
63
in females the ... is very short
urethra
64
(males) segment of urethra that carries urine from the bladder and passes through the prostate gland
prostatic urethra
65
short portion of urethra that passes through the external urethral sphincter
membranous urethra
66
last urethra segment passes through the penis to carry urine to the exterior; longest segment
penile urethra
67
organs of the male reproductive system responsible for spermatozoa production and serving as the primary testosterone source in males
testes
68
where the testes reside
scrotum
69
serves as the conduit between the scrotum and abdominopelvic cavity
spermatic cord
70
muscular wall beneath scrotum that contracts and relaxes, which elevates and lowers testes
cremaster
71
network of veins that form a testicular vein on each side of the body
pampiniform plexus
72
tubule network that collects sperm from several seminiferous tubules
rete testis
73
carry sperm to the epididymis
efferent ductules
74
long coiled tube that lies across the testis
epididymis
75
tube carries sperm up through the spermatic cord through the pelvic cavity to ultimately join the urethra
vas deferens
76
produces seminal fluid that contains fructose for fuel and buffers to neutralize acidic environment of vagina
seminal vesicle
77
small duct where sperm and seminal fluid mix; travels through the prostate gland and opens to urethra
ejaculatory duct
78
found within the muscular floor of the pelvis; secrete a buffering mucus to neutralize any urinary acids that may remain in the urethra
bulbourethral gland
79
surrounds the urethra and forms the glans of the penis; this tissue dilates the urethra, aiding the passage of semen
corpus spongiosum
80
made of erectile tissue that swell with blood during erection
corpus cavernosum
81
expansion of the corpus spongiosum; opening of urethra is found at its center
glans
82
egg-producing organ of the female reproductive system; also produces estrogen and progesterone
ovary
83
organ allows for the implantation and the formation of a placenta
uterus
84
organ that receives the penis during sexual intercourse
vagina
85
narrowest region of the uterine tube
isthmus
86
slightly enlarged region of the uterine tube, between the isthmus and infundibulum
ampulla
87
funnel-shaped region that partially surrounds the ovary
infundibulum
88
finger-like projections of the infundibulum
fimbriae
89
two ends of the cervical canal are..
internal os and external os
90
innermost layer of uterus; a portion of this layer is shed with each menstrual cycle if pregnancy does not occur
endometrium
91
middle and most substantial layer; made of smooth muscle that contracts during labor
myometrium
92
outermost layer; made of parietal peritoneum and is found where the uterus bulges into the peritoneal cavity
perimetrium
93
external genitalia of female
vulva
94
only visible part of the clitoris
glans of clitoris
95
small erectile organ derived from the embryological structure that forms the penis in males
clitoris

Anatomy Lab (8 decks)

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