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Anatomy Lab > Intro to Anatomy, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves > Flashcards

Intro to Anatomy, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Toward the top and bottom respectively

A

Superior and inferior

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2
Q

Directional terms used mostly for limbs; closer or farther away from the body

A

proximal and distal

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3
Q

Toward the front and toward the back

A

Anterior and posterior

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4
Q

Used particularly in the nervous system; preferentially for posterior and anterior

A

Dorsal and ventral

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5
Q

Terms indicate relative position in the body

A

Superficial and deep

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6
Q

Toward the midline of the body and toward the outside

A

Medial and lateral

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7
Q

describe the relationship of two structures with regard the right and left sides of the body

A

Ipsilateral (same side of body) and contralateral (opposite sides of the body)

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8
Q

Axillary

A

armpit

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9
Q

brachial

A

upper arm

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10
Q

cubital

A

elbow

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11
Q

antebrachial

A

forearm

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12
Q

carpal

A

wrist

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13
Q

pollicis

A

thumb

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14
Q

palmar

A

palm of hand

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15
Q

digital

A

finger

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16
Q

inguinal

A

groin

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17
Q

gluteal

A

buttock

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18
Q

femoral

A

thigh

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19
Q

patellar

A

knee

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20
Q

popliteal

A

back of knee

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21
Q

sural

A

lower leg

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22
Q

tarsal

A

ankle

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23
Q

calcaneal

A

heel

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24
Q

plantar

A

bottom of foot

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25
Q

hallucis

A

big toe

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26
Q

cranial

A

head

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27
Q

facial

A

face

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28
Q

buccal

A

cheek

29
Q

cervical

A

neck

30
Q

pectoral

A

breast

31
Q

thoracic

A

chest

32
Q

abdominal

A

belly

33
Q

dorsal

A

back

34
Q

lumbar

A

lower back

35
Q

sacral

A

between buttocks

36
Q

perineal

A

space between genitals & anus

37
Q

Sections or planes divide the body into superior and inferior parts

A

transverse

38
Q

divide the body into anterior and posterior parts

A

frontal

39
Q

divides the body into right and left parts

A

sagittal

40
Q

Fluid-filled cavity between the pia mater and the arachnoid mater

A

subarachnoid space

41
Q

narrow passageway in the spinal cord that helps circulate CSF

A

central canal

42
Q

The cone-shaped termination of the spinal cord; at the level of the first or second lumbar vertebrae

A

conus medullaris

43
Q

The pia mater continues past the end of the spinal cord and becomes… Also tethers the spinal cord to the sacrum and coccyx

A

filum terminale

44
Q

20 paired lateral extensions along the length of the spinal cord formed from the pia mater that provide further stability for the spinal cord

A

Denticulate ligaments

45
Q

Beyond the conus medullaris, the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal spinal nerves this bundle of spinal nerve roots pass through the vertebral canal on their way to the appropriate level of the body

A

Cauda equina

46
Q

Part of the white matter; large cleft on the ventral side that cuts into the white matter along the entire spinal cord

A

Anterior median fissure

47
Q

Myelinated axons

A

White matter

48
Q

Largest descending tracts; carry info from the cerebral cortex down to the motor neurons that originate in the spinal cord

A

Corticospinal tracts

49
Q

Neurons that carry pain and temperature signals from the spinal cord upward to the thalamus of the brain

A

Spinothalamic tract

50
Q

Gray matter column that contains cell bodies of neurons receive sensory formation

A

dorsal horn

51
Q

Contains cell bodies of motor neurons that travel out of the spinal cord to the skeletal muscles

A

ventral horn

52
Q

Contains cell bodies with motor neurons that travel to glands and smooth or cardiac muscles

A

lateral horn

53
Q

spinal nerves named according to the vertebrae inferior to the nerve

A

cervical spinal nerves

54
Q

spinal nerves named after the vertebrae superior to them

A

thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spinal nerves

55
Q

Contain only sensory neurons that are entering the dorsal horn of the spinal cord

A

dorsal root

56
Q

When the sensory neurons’ cell bodies form a swelling within the dorsal root

A

dorsal root ganglion

57
Q

Contains only axons of motor neurons

A

ventral root

58
Q

contains somatic motor and somatic sensory neurons headed to or from the skin, muscle, and bones of the back

A

Dorsal ramus

59
Q

carries somatic motor and somatic sensory neurons to the skin, muscle, and bones of the body wall and limbs

A

ventral ramus

60
Q

a pair of small branches that carry neurons to the smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands of the body

A

Communicating rami

61
Q

The site of synapse for the neurons coming through the communicating rami

A

sympathetic ganglion

62
Q

The sympathetic ganglia and connecting branches; a distribution hub for visceral neurons

A

Sympathetic chain

63
Q

Spinal region where the motor neurons begin for the sympathetic nervous system

A

T1-L2

64
Q

Spinal region where the motor neurons begin for the parasympathetic nervous system

A

S2-S4

65
Q

Ventral rami that travel along the inferior surface of the rib

A

Intercostal nerves

66
Q

Formed from ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves, and innervates many of the neck muscles

A

Cervical plexus

67
Q

Ventral rami of C5-T1 spinal nerves, and supplies the upper appendage

A

Brachial plexus

68
Q

Formed from ventral rami of L2-S4 spinal nerves, and supplies the lower appendage

A

Lumbosacral plexus

Anatomy Lab (8 decks)

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