Intro to Anatomy, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Flashcards
1
Q
Toward the top and bottom respectively
A
Superior and inferior
2
Q
Directional terms used mostly for limbs; closer or farther away from the body
A
proximal and distal
3
Q
Toward the front and toward the back
A
Anterior and posterior
4
Q
Used particularly in the nervous system; preferentially for posterior and anterior
A
Dorsal and ventral
5
Q
Terms indicate relative position in the body
A
Superficial and deep
6
Q
Toward the midline of the body and toward the outside
A
Medial and lateral
7
Q
describe the relationship of two structures with regard the right and left sides of the body
A
Ipsilateral (same side of body) and contralateral (opposite sides of the body)
8
Q
Axillary
A
armpit
9
Q
brachial
A
upper arm
10
Q
cubital
A
elbow
11
Q
antebrachial
A
forearm
12
Q
carpal
A
wrist
13
Q
pollicis
A
thumb
14
Q
palmar
A
palm of hand
15
Q
digital
A
finger
16
Q
inguinal
A
groin
17
Q
gluteal
A
buttock
18
Q
femoral
A
thigh
19
Q
patellar
A
knee
20
Q
popliteal
A
back of knee
21
Q
sural
A
lower leg
22
Q
tarsal
A
ankle
23
Q
calcaneal
A
heel
24
Q
plantar
A
bottom of foot
25
hallucis
big toe
26
cranial
head
27
facial
face
28
buccal
cheek
29
cervical
neck
30
pectoral
breast
31
thoracic
chest
32
abdominal
belly
33
dorsal
back
34
lumbar
lower back
35
sacral
between buttocks
36
perineal
space between genitals & anus
37
Sections or planes divide the body into superior and inferior parts
transverse
38
divide the body into anterior and posterior parts
frontal
39
divides the body into right and left parts
sagittal
40
Fluid-filled cavity between the pia mater and the arachnoid mater
subarachnoid space
41
narrow passageway in the spinal cord that helps circulate CSF
central canal
42
The cone-shaped termination of the spinal cord; at the level of the first or second lumbar vertebrae
conus medullaris
43
The pia mater continues past the end of the spinal cord and becomes... Also tethers the spinal cord to the sacrum and coccyx
filum terminale
44
20 paired lateral extensions along the length of the spinal cord formed from the pia mater that provide further stability for the spinal cord
Denticulate ligaments
45
Beyond the conus medullaris, the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal spinal nerves this bundle of spinal nerve roots pass through the vertebral canal on their way to the appropriate level of the body
Cauda equina
46
Part of the white matter; large cleft on the ventral side that cuts into the white matter along the entire spinal cord
Anterior median fissure
47
Myelinated axons
White matter
48
Largest descending tracts; carry info from the cerebral cortex down to the motor neurons that originate in the spinal cord
Corticospinal tracts
49
Neurons that carry pain and temperature signals from the spinal cord upward to the thalamus of the brain
Spinothalamic tract
50
Gray matter column that contains cell bodies of neurons receive sensory formation
dorsal horn
51
Contains cell bodies of motor neurons that travel out of the spinal cord to the skeletal muscles
ventral horn
52
Contains cell bodies with motor neurons that travel to glands and smooth or cardiac muscles
lateral horn
53
spinal nerves named according to the vertebrae inferior to the nerve
cervical spinal nerves
54
spinal nerves named after the vertebrae superior to them
thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spinal nerves
55
Contain only sensory neurons that are entering the dorsal horn of the spinal cord
dorsal root
56
When the sensory neurons' cell bodies form a swelling within the dorsal root
dorsal root ganglion
57
Contains only axons of motor neurons
ventral root
58
contains somatic motor and somatic sensory neurons headed to or from the skin, muscle, and bones of the back
Dorsal ramus
59
carries somatic motor and somatic sensory neurons to the skin, muscle, and bones of the body wall and limbs
ventral ramus
60
a pair of small branches that carry neurons to the smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands of the body
Communicating rami
61
The site of synapse for the neurons coming through the communicating rami
sympathetic ganglion
62
The sympathetic ganglia and connecting branches; a distribution hub for visceral neurons
Sympathetic chain
63
Spinal region where the motor neurons begin for the sympathetic nervous system
T1-L2
64
Spinal region where the motor neurons begin for the parasympathetic nervous system
S2-S4
65
Ventral rami that travel along the inferior surface of the rib
Intercostal nerves
66
Formed from ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves, and innervates many of the neck muscles
Cervical plexus
67
Ventral rami of C5-T1 spinal nerves, and supplies the upper appendage
Brachial plexus
68
Formed from ventral rami of L2-S4 spinal nerves, and supplies the lower appendage
Lumbosacral plexus
