The Apology in Plato's Five Dialogues Flashcards
What is the main theme of Plato’s Apology?
Socrates’ defense at his trial in Athens against charges of corrupting the youth and impiety, exploring wisdom, justice, and virtue.
What are the central charges against Socrates?
He is accused of studying the sky and earth, making weaker arguments stronger, and corrupting the youth by teaching them not to believe in the city’s gods.
How does Socrates define true wisdom?
He claims true wisdom belongs to the gods and he is wise only in knowing his own ignorance.
What role does the Delphic Oracle play in Socrates’ defense?
The Oracle declared that no one is wiser than Socrates, prompting him to question those deemed wise and expose their ignorance.
What does Socrates say about his belief in the gods?
He denies being an atheist and argues that believing in spirits implies belief in the divine.
How does Socrates address the charge of corrupting the youth?
He argues that he would not intentionally harm himself by corrupting others and that if he did so unintentionally, he should be instructed, not prosecuted.
What does Socrates emphasize about virtue and wealth?
He states that caring for the soul and pursuing virtue is more important than wealth, as excellence leads to true goodness.
How does Socrates describe his mission in Athens?
He sees his philosophical pursuit as a divine mission, likening himself to a gadfly that stings the city to awaken it to virtue.
Who are the Sophists, and how did Socrates view them?
They were teachers who emphasized persuasion over truth. Socrates criticized them for lacking genuine wisdom.
What is the significance of the quote, “The unexamined life is not worth living for men”?
It encapsulates Socrates’ belief that self-reflection and philosophical inquiry are essential for a meaningful and fulfilled life.
What is Socrates’ attitude toward death?
He views death as potentially a blessing and argues that fearing it reflects ignorance, as no one knows if it is the greatest evil.
What does the term “Socratic Method” refer to?
A method of inquiry involving asking questions to expose contradictions in beliefs and stimulate critical thinking.
What is Socrates’ “divine sign”?
A voice that warns him against actions that are wrong or unjust, guiding his decisions throughout his life.
What is Socrates’ final message to the jury?
He urges them to care for their souls and reproach his sons if they stray from virtue, demonstrating his commitment to his principles.
What does Socrates propose as his counter-assessment after being found guilty?
He suggests being rewarded with free meals in the Prytaneum as a service to the city rather than a punishment.
