Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Instrumentation > The Anesthetic Machine > Flashcards

The Anesthetic Machine Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of anesthetic systems

A

Bain and circle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List some components of the anesthetic machine

A

Compressed carrier gas supply, oxygen flow meter and anesthetic vaporizer, breathing circuit, scavenging system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the oxygen flow meter and anaesthetic vaporizer

A

Flowmeter allows oxygen carrier gas to flow at a rate of liters per minute. The oxygen gas picks up gas and anesthetic from the vaporizer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the breathing circuit

A

Conveys carrier gases and inhalant anesthetic to the patient and removes exhaled carbon dioxide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the two types of breathing circuits

A

Re-breathing circuits a non-rebreathing circuits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the gas scavenging system

A

Disposes of excess and waste anesthetic gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two types of anesthetic vaporizers

A

Percision and non Percision vaporizers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How much oxygen does a healthy conscious animal receive in the air

A

21%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How much oxygen does an animal received in the anesthetic system

A

Up to 100%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why is the oxygen percentage so high in the anesthetic system

A

Due to the fact that anesthetized patients have a decrease respiratory rate and tidal volume which causes a risk of hypoxia with normal air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the compressed gas cylinders

A

Contain a large volume of courier gases in the highly pressurized compressed state.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two types of compressed gas cylinders

A

The E cylinder and the K cylinder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the E cylinder

A

Small and directly attached to a machine by the yoke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the K cylinder

A

Large and freestanding. Connected to the machine via the gas line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the anesthetic machine

A

To deliver oxygen and volatile anesthetic gas to and from patient and to deliver oxygen gas to critical patients. The carrier gas oxygen transport vaporized anesthetic gas to patient at a controlled flow rate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens if a cylinder is dropped

A

It will cause it to fly at a high velocity in the opposite direction of released gas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do you calculate the liters of oxygen by the psi for the E cylinder

A

Times by .3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do you calculate the liters of oxygen by the psi

A

Times by 3.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When should oxygen tanks be changed

A

When pressure drops below 100 or 200 psi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When should Oxymed be called

A

When pressure drops below 500

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe the pressure reducing valve

A

Reduces the pressure of the gas to a constant and safe operating pressure of 40 to 50 psi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the flowmeter

A

Dial attached to a graduated glass cylinder and a moving indicator that indicates gas flow rate in liters per minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How do you read the ball indicator in the flowmeter

A

At the center of the ball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do you read the rotor indicator in a flowmeter

A

At the top of the rotor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What happens if the flowmeters opened

A

Allows oxygen gas to flow through the machine if the dial is open and sets the gas flow in liters per minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What does the flowmeter reduce oxygen pressure to

A

15 psi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the oxygen flush valve used for

A

Used to rapidly deliver a large volume of pure oxygen gas. Delivers oxygen gas directly into the circuit on bypasses oxygen flow meter and anesthetic vaporizer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the uses for the oxygen flush valve

A

Rapidly delivers oxygen to critically ill patient. Rapidly fills depleted reservoir bag. Dilutes anesthetic gas remaining in the circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the vaporizer used for

A

Convert liquid anesthetic to vapor anesthetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How do you know when to refill the vaporizer

A

If over half of the anesthetic has evaporated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is a Percision vaporizer

A

Delivers exact concentrations of anesthetic.

32
Q

What are some components to the circle rebreathing system

A 
Fresh gas inlet, 
Unidirectional valve, 
pop off valve, 
reservoir bag, 
carbon dioxide absorber, 
pressure manometer, 
breathing tubes
33
Q

What is the fresh gas inlet

A

The point at which the carrier gas on the anesthetic gas enter the system

34
Q

How is the fresh gas inlet connected to the circle system

A

By the vaporizer outlet port

35
Q

What is a Uni directional valve

A

Located inside a clear housing that allows the anesthetist to observe the action of the valves. Can be used to monitor respiratory rate

36
Q

What happens when a patient enhales in the Uni directional valve

A

Inspiratory Uni directional valve will open to allow passage of fresh gas to the patient

37
Q

What happens to the Uni directional valve when the patient exhales

A

Carbon dioxide and anesthetic gas is released from the bloodstream and exhaled.

38
Q

What is the use of the pop off valve

A

Allows excess gas to exit the system and enter the scavenger. Prevents build up of excessive pressure within the circuit

39
Q

What position should the pop off valve always been when connected to the animal

A

Open

40
Q

Describe the reservoir bag

A

Rubber bag that gradually inflates as gases enter the circuit or patient exhales. Deflates one patient inhales.

41
Q

What are some uses of the reservoir bag

A

Flexible storage reservoir.
Respiratory monitoring tool
. Aids in confirming proper ET tube placement,
allows delivery of oxygen and anesthetic gases to patient

42
Q

Why is bagging beneficial

A

Helps reinflate collapsed alveoli. can normalize respiratory rate

43
Q

How do you calculate which of reservoir bag you need

A

Minimum of 60 mL per kilogram

44
Q

What happens if your reservoir bag is too small

A

Reservoir may not be large enough for patient to breathe easily. May over inflate during expiration increasing the pressure in the patient’s airways

45
Q

What is the optimum size for reservoir bug

A

Three quarters full at peak inspiration

46
Q

What is the use of the carbon dioxide absorber

A

Absorb carbon dioxide

47
Q

How do you know when you need to change the carbon dioxide absorbing soda lime

A

The pH indicator causes granules to change color when saturated

48
Q

After how many hours of use is it recommended to change soda lime granules

A

14 to 18 hours of use

49
Q

What is the function of the pressure manometer

A

Indicates the pressure of gases within the breathing system

50
Q

What is the negative pressure relief valve used for

A

Admits room air into the breathing circuit if negative pressure is detected

51
Q

What are the breathing tubes used for

A

Carries anesthetic gas to and from the patient

52
Q

What are the three types of breathing systems

A 
Total rebreathing (closed)
Partial rebreathing (semi closed)
Non rebreathing
53
Q

Describe the total rebreathing system

A

Closed Pop off valve
All gasses are recirculated
Slow turnover of gases
Only for animals over 7-10kg

54
Q

What are three concerns with total rebreathing

A

Co2 accumulation
Difficult to exhale
O2 depletion

55
Q

Describe a semi closed system

A

Pop off left open
All exhale gases escape to scavenger, requires high oxygen flow rate.
For animals less than 10kg

56
Q

Describe the brain system

A

Tubing allows incoming gases to be warmed by the surrounding exhaled gases. Lighter and less cumbersome system. No CO2 canister

57
Q

Describe the induction flowrate

A

High oxygen flow rate to saturate circuit with carrier gas and static

58
Q

Describe maintence flowrate

A

Oxygen flow rate reduced

59
Q

Describe the recovery flow rate

A

Hi oxygen flow rate

60
Q

What is the unit for waste anesthetic gas concentration

A

Ppm

61
Q

What are the two categories of health hazards induced by long-term effects of anesthetic gas

A

Short-term problems and long-term problems

62
Q

What are some short-term problems of anesthetic gas

A

Fatigue, headache, drowsiness, depression, irritability

63
Q

What are some long-term effects of anesthetic gas

A

Reproductive disorders, liver and kidney damage, bone marrow abnormalities

64
Q

What is the list of gas toxicity in order

A

Isoflurane
Sevoflurane
Halotane
Methoxyflurane

65
Q

What are two types of scavenging systems

A

Active system

Passive system

66
Q

What does the active system do

A

Suction created by vacuum pump draws gas in the scavenger

67
Q

Describe passive systems

A

Positive pressure of gas in the machine pushes gas in the scavenger

68
Q

What is a risk in active and passive scavenging systems

A

Obstruction

69
Q

What are the two types of leak test

A

High pressure leak test at 50 psi

low pressure leak test at 15 psi

70
Q

Why do you do a high pressure leak test

A

To check for leaks between gas tanks and flowmeters

71
Q

Why do you do low-pressure leak test

A

To test for leaks from anesthetic machine to breathing circuit

72
Q

How do you do a high-pressure system leak test

A

Turn the tank on.
Note tank pressure reading.
Turn tank off.
Recheck tank pressure gauge one hour later

73
Q

Describe doing a low-pressure system leak test

A

Close pop off valve and occlude patient port.
Set flowmeter to 2 L per minute.
Turn off flowmeter when bag fully inflated

74
Q

When is a high pressure leak test done

A

Every week

75
Q

When is a low pressure leak test done

A

Every time machine is assembled for you

76
Q

What are seven ways to minimize gas release

A

Minimize use of anesthetic chambers. Avoid using masks to induce or maintain anesthesia.
Used cuffed eT tubes for adequate size when possible.
Ensure reservoir bag is synchronized with patients respiration.
Avoid turning vaporizer and flowmeter on until machine is connected to ET tube.
Do not release contents of reservoir bike into room area.
Leave patient attached until extubation to allow expired gasses to enter the scavenging system

Instrumentation (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions