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History > The Age Of Explorations > Flashcards

The Age Of Explorations Flashcards

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0
Q

Name and explain the three ships people used to explore land

A

Lateen:very easy to steer but very light(easily shipwrecked)
Clinker built:very strong but hard to steer
Caravel:lateen style sails and clinker built bodies

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1
Q

What were the causes of exploration?

A 
Search for land build an empire
Myths and legend
New route to the East
New ships and navigation
Desire to spread christianity
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2
Q

Name and explain some navigation aids?

A

Compass: used to find direction
Log and line: Measured speed
Astrolabe: to find position
Quadrant:find latitude

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3
Q

Name the five points of life on boardship

A

Leader, assistant, crew, food, diseases

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4
Q

Name and explain the leader of the ship?

A

Leader: captain of ships and in charge of ships raised in a wealthy background, well educated and a proper gentleman

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5
Q

Name and explain the assistant of the boardship?

A

Assistant: The first mate, friends with the captain comes from a wealthy background

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6
Q

Name and explain the crew of the boardship?

A

Crew:sailors were ex criminals, criminals amd thugs

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7
Q

Name and explain the food in the boardship?

A

Foods in boardship: biscuits, hardtack, cheese, onions, dried beans, salted or fresh fish,rum

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8
Q

What hardtack?

A

Hardtack:crushed oats mixed with water usually infested with black beetles

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9
Q

What would the crew suck on when food ran out?

A

They would suck of leather

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10
Q

Name and explain the diseases that could be in boardship?

A

Scurvy: lack of vitamin C, fresh fruit and vegetables caused bloody gums and lose of teeth
Dysentry:stale water whenever you ate it came out quickly

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11
Q

Why did people find a new route to the East?

A

Reason: great silk road was too expensive spices were needed to preserve food, medicinal needs, seasoning, hide rotten meat taste

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12
Q

Why did rulers sponsor voyages?

A

To spread christianity and build an empire

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13
Q

What are portolan charts?

A

Maps of the coast

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14
Q

Who was the explorer that made it to the west coast

A

Henry the Navigator

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15
Q

Henry the Navigator

A

Son of king John
Built sailing school Sagres Portugal
Searched west coast africa for prestor john and to indiaSucceeded to Ivory coast
Started new slave trade with africans
Made portolan charts of west coast africa
Died 1460 and mapped 2,400km coastline

16
Q

Who was the explorer to reach the tip of africa?

A

Bartholomew diaz 1487

17
Q

Points about Bartholomew diaz

A

He got three ships(name and year)
Aim to find new route to the east
January 1488 lost sight of land for 13 days
When land was found they realized they were at the tip lf Africa
First european to enter indian ocean
Name this area the Cape of Storms
Wanted to continue to asia but his crew made him turn back
When he came to Portugal king john renamed Cape of Storms Cape of Good Hopes

18
Q

Who was the explorer that found a new route to the east?

A

Vasco da Gama 1497

19
Q

Name the first six points about vasco da gama?

A

1497 got three ships
Avoided stormy weather, out in the atlantic ocean
Tip of africa on christmas day (natal is the name of place)
Hired a guide from east coast of africa to india
May 1498 in calicut india
Boat-filled spices

20
Q

Name the last two points about vasco da gama?

A

Return journey lasted 3 months, many crew members died of scurvy
In 1499 da Gama returned to Portugal

21
Q

What are the key words about Christopher Columbus?

A

1492, Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand, |Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria|, Canary Islands, Fake log, San Salvador, 1493, cruel, 3 or 4 more voyages, Amerigo Vespucci, 1506

22
Q

When did Christopher Columbus start his voyage?

A

1492

23
Q

Name and explain the following points about christopher columbus

a) Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand, b)Nina, pinta santa maria
c) Canary Islands

A

A: christopher columbus ask queen isabella and king ferdinand to give him three ships three times
B:Nina, pinta and santa maria were the three ships christopher columbus had he sailed Santa Maria.
C: during the voyage he went to the canary island to collect vitamin C fruit and vegetables

24
Q

Name three popular spices

A

Cinnamon, pepper, nutmeg

25
Q

Consequences of the Exploration

A 
Creations of empire
New goods to and from the new world
New european view of the world
Impact on natives
Growth of slave trade
Wars between Empire powers
26
Q

The conquistadores (cortes)

A

1519 Cortes, cuba capture aztec Empire. Retreated
600men to technotitlian Indians
Capitol of Technotitlian 200k lived Mexico
Montezuma
Against the Spanish

27
Q

Name the goods from America

A

Potatoes, chilli, turkey, chocolate, tobacco

28
Q

Name the goods in Europe

A

Coffee, sugar, goats, wheat, pigs

29
Q

What were the new views european of the world

A

Maps—> portolan charts
World was round - proven
Pacific Ocean
New Continent

30
Q

What was the impact the exploration had on natives

A

Native customs, religions and traditions were forbiden
Culture was destroyed
Diseases e.g cold, small pox, flu caused them death

31
Q

Why did the slave trade grow?

A

The Portuguese began it, millions of slaves went to the new world to work on sugar and coffee plantations, the voyage there was the middle passage, the slave trade lasted 300years

32
Q

Ferdinand Magellan 1519

A

5 ships, Trinidad, San Antonio, Santiago, conception and Victoria
Portuguese captain + Spanish =Mutiny- Magellan killed them quickly it to port st.julian (winter months), Santiago - ship wrecked ,San Antonio - deserted, Tip of America - Magellan Straits, rough seas, deaths, volcanoes, Pacific Ocean named because it is so peaceful, 3 months to cross it 100men died, Philippines-Tribal war, 26 April 1521-dies - poison arrow, First mate continued voyage Sebastion del Cano, Spice islands loaded, Sept 1522 arrived

History (21 decks)

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