Farming In The Iron Age Flashcards

0
Q

Describe the Celts.

A

They are tall, long haired and fair haired people.

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1
Q

When did the celts come to Ireland?

A

500 BC

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2
Q

What do the Celts like to do with their hair?

A

They like to bleach it.

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3
Q

Where do most families farmers live?

A

Raths, crannogs, hillforts, promontory forts

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4
Q

What is a rath?

A

A fort and a ditch made of soil and earth surrounded it, most fort raths were made of timber but if a fort was made of sto e was called cashels

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5
Q

What other feature is there to this rath?

A

A souterrain which is used to store food and escape from attack.

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6
Q

What do the celts wear?

A

Wollen trousers and linen leine

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7
Q

What do the celts eat?

A

Meat, butter, milk, chesse, porridge, bread.

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8
Q

How do the celts get meat?

A

By hunting

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9
Q

Who gets the best food.

A

The ri and his warriors get the best food.

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10
Q

Where do celts from the iron age get their land

A

From the ri’s warrior’s.

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11
Q

Who is the ri?

A

He is a rich nobleman.

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12
Q

What do farmers grow?

A

Wheat, barley, oats, onion, beans and turnips.

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13
Q

What do the farmers keep to domesticate?

A

Cattle, sheep and pigs.

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14
Q

When do the farmers use the animals?

A

They use it for food for special occasion.

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15
Q

What do the farmers use for entertainment?

A

They play baire, listen to stories from the bards and files

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16
Q

Who is the main god?

A

The main god is the Dagda god of afterlife and the goddess of death bodgh.

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17
Q

Name two religious festivals?

A

Bealtaine is for goddess bel for healthy cattle and Lughnasa they pray Lugh for good harvest.

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18
Q

What do the farmers do when someone dies.

A

They cremate the person, bury the ashes and is organised by the druids.

19
Q

What are the other traditions do the farmers do in a funeral?

A

They put the corpses weapons and belongings in the ground and mark the grave stone in ogham.

20
Q

What was a quern stone?

A

To make flour

21
Q

What do the celts hunt?

A

Wild deer and boar

22
Q

How does the class system work in the iron age?

A

Nobles, commoner and slaves

23
Q

Why do celtic farmers bring the cattle, sheep and pigs in raths at night?

A

To keep them safe from thieves and wild animals

24
Q

Why is cattle so important?

A

It was the official currency in the iron age

25
Q

What is the tuath?

A

The land and the people ruled by king

26
Q

What was the derbhfine?

A

The royal family

27
Q

What did the greeks call the celts?

A

Keltoi

28
Q

What did the romans call the celts?

A

Gauls

29
Q

Who was plato and what did ne call the celts?

A

They were warlike people who drank too much, plato was a philosipher

30
Q

Why were the craftspeople sooooo important

A

They make spades, sickles and ploughs

31
Q

What did the romans and greeks think of the celts

A

They thought they were inferior and uncivilised

32
Q

When did christianity come to ireland?

A

In the fifth century

33
Q

What were the laws to govern the society

A

The brehon laws

34
Q

What was a crannog?

A

They were manmade islands they had timber stakes in a circle, inside the circle were layers of stone mud and twigs until it was higher than the lake level, houses would be put on it

35
Q

What was a hillfort

A

They were like raths but bigger and were on a hill

36
Q

What do archaeologists think hillforts used for?

A

For important ceremonies like religious festivals or markets

37
Q

Name two examples of a hill fort

A

Emain Macha (Armagh) Tara (Meath)

38
Q

What are promontory fort?

A

Forts built on clifftops found mainly in the west and south coast

39
Q

What did women wear in the iron age?

A

Ankle length linen tunics

40
Q

What did the celts wear in the winter?

A

Woolen cloaks

41
Q

Describe what rich people would wear?

A

They would wear bright clothes and were richly embroidered

42
Q

What was make up made of in the iron age

A

Herbs and berries

43
Q

What jewellery did the celts wear?

A

Earrings, gold torcs, collars and bracelets

44
Q

What did the poor people wear?

A

Long, plain wool tunics

45
Q

What did the celts wash their hair with?

A

Lime wash