History Key Words Flashcards
Artefacts
These include jewellery, weapons and buildings found by archaeologists when they dig up the ground looking for clues
Accuracy
The information is not correct it is not accurate
What is the bailey
The enclosure that surrounded the motte
What is the bailiff?
The person appointed by the lord to take charge of the village and made sure peasants paid rents and taxes
What were the bards and musicians?
They entertainded the ri and the warriors with stories and music
What was the black death
A terrible plague in Europe in 1347, all the victims turned black and died
What was bias
The source is in favour of one side over the other
What is carbon dating?
A scientific method to find the date of an object the older an object the less carbon found
Name three celtic festivals
Samhain, Bealtaine, Lughnasa
What was cattle and why was so important?
It was a cow, it was the currency in the celts period and it had large sources of raw materials
What was a census
The official population, the population was counted every decade
What was the charter?
A legal document in which the king allowed the town run its own affairs in the middle ages
What is a cist grave?
A pit in the ground lined with stone slabs, cremated reamins or bodies buried in a slouched position
What was court cairns
A court at the entrance to the tomb used for religious purposes before the burial takes place inside the cairn.Inside there is a passage leading to the chamber underneath the cairn
Who were craftspeople
They were skilled as carpenters, goldsmiths or blacksmiths
What was a crannog?
A manmade Islands in lakes, it was surrounded by timber stakes, layers of stone, mud and twigs were put in a circle to build a mould higher than the water level.It was surrounded by a wooden fence and houses were built inside the mould
What was a curfew?
It meant that all the fires had to be out in the town by a certain time
What was a demesne?
The land the king kept for his own use
What is dendrochronology
Used to date wooden object, count how many rings a wooden object has becuase the tree grows a new ring each year
Who were doctors?
People who knew about herbal remedies and how to treat diseases
What were dolems or portal tombs
Two or three large stone tables were put upright and a very big stone was put ontop
What was a dowry?
Money cattle and household utensils giving by a noble womens parents on the day of her marraige, these were part of the contract of marraige
What was a druid?
A priest who arranges religious ceremonies and offered sacrifices to god
What was a dibbing
The ceremony to become a knight
Who was a file?
A person in the iron age who wrote poems about the king and the heroic deeds of a warrior
What was a fulacht fia?
A bronze age cooker used by celts.this was a pit of water that was heated by rocks in a fire
What was a guild?
All craftsmen who worked in a medieval town had to belong to a guild e.g a bakers guild or a goldsmith’s guild
What were irish hunter gatherers?
Irish men in the mesolithic period who hunted fish, deers and boars and gathered berries and nuts
What was joust or jousting?
Two knights in full armour galloped towards each other. The concept of the game is to knock off your opponent.the winner gets the losers weapons and armour
What was a judge?(brehon)
They helped the ri rule the kingdom
What was a keep?
The main building in the castle where the lord and lady lived
How did a child become a knight?
Page:7 years old, moved to other castle, learned to ride horses, use swords, sing, dance, good manners, served lady in table dressed lord
Squire:14 years old, learns to fight on horse, cared lords weapons in war
Knight:21 years old, dubbing ceremony, prays previous night promises code of chivalry
How do boys become a master craftsman ?
At twelve years old you become an apprentice for 7 years and live in a master craftsman house.After the seven years you can become a journeyman, they were paid for their work and could search for better wages, to prove the guild he could be a good master craftsman he would make a master piece and pay a wage
What was a medieval monastry?
Tonsure haircut, abbot the head of monastery, slept in dormitory, had cloisters to walk to and pray, a chapter house to discuss business, a reflectory to eat meals
What was the name of the hairstyle monks had?
Tonsure, the centre of the hakr was bald but the sides were full
Who was the head of the monastry and how was he elected?
The abbot was the head of the monastry and he was elected by the other monks
Where did the monks sleep?
In the dormitory
Where did the monks talk and pray?
In the cloisters
What was the chapter house?
Where the monks discussed business
What is the reflectory?
Where the monks ate their meals?
What was the infrimary?
Where the sick was nursed
Name three friars?
Cistercians, francisans, dominicans
How did the medieval town defend itself?
By high walls and gates
Nme three metals by the celts?
Bronze, tin and copper
What was a moat?
The water filled ditch around the castle walls
Name two monastic sites and who made it?
Clonmacnoise by St.Ciaran and Inis Mor by St.Edna
What was a motte?
A small hill that the lookout fort was built on
When new was newgrange built?
It was built during the neolithic or new stone age ireland
How did the normans influence on irish life?
They built towns, brought in craftmen and farmers from england, english language, they tilled the land amd grew oats and barley.they made stone castles
What was ogham?
The earliest form of writing in ireland Ogham stones often marked the entrance to graves
What was a patron?
A person who commissions an artist to produce a work of art he ays an artist
