The Abdomen Flashcards
What is viscera
viscera is all the interanal organs in the abdominal cavity
difference between hollow and solid viscera
Solid viscera are those internal organs that maintain a characteristic shape.
Hollow viscera depends on its content and are not usually palpable
examples of solid viscera
PASLOUK
- pancreas
-adrenal gland
- spleen
- liver
-ovaries
-uterus
-kidney
examples of hollow viscera
SSCBG
- small intestine
- stomach
- colon
- bladder
- gallbladder
internal organs in the right upper abdominal wall
DR. LGP (s)
- duodenum
- right kidney and adrenal gland
- liver
- gallblader
- parts of ascending and descending colon
- small intestine
internal organs in the left upper abdominal wall
SSLBP (s)
- stomach
- spleen
- left lobe of liver, left kideney and adrenal gland
- body of pancreas
- part of transcending and descending colon
- small intestine
internal organs in the right lower abdominal wall
CAROFUS (s)
- cecum
- appendix
- right ovary
- right Fallopian tube
- right ureter
- right spermatic cord
- small intestine
internal organs in the left lower abdominal wall
PLOFUSS (s)
- part of the descending colon
- left ovary
- left Fallopian tube
- left ureter
- spermatic cord
- sigmund colon
- small intestine
difficulty swallowing/disorder with the throat
dysphagia
bowel sound originate from…?
the movement of air and fluid through the small intestine
which is normal, vascular or no vascular sound?
No Vascular Sound
what is a scratch test?
are assessment that help defins the liver border when the abdominal muscles are tensed
- begin at the RLQ
- when the sound becomes magnified, it means you crossed the border from a hollow to a solid organ.
Hooking Technique
is a technique used to palpate the liver. stand at patient right shoulder.
is it abnormal to palpate the spleen?
Yes. Because the spleen is not palpable in its normal size as its too small.
Note: the left kidney is also not palpable.
Location of the stomach
below the diaphragm between the liver and spleen.
location of the gallbladder
posterial surface of the liver, lateral to the midclavicular line
location of the spleen
posterolateral wall of the abdominal cavity immediately under the diaphragm
location of pancreas
behind the stomach, LUQ
salivation, gastric acid secretion, liver size and renal function decrease with age. true or false?
TRUE
in newborn, the urinary bladder is lower in the abdomen
false. it is higher
what percussion sound is heard over solid viscera
dullness
- hyper reasonance is heard with gaseous distension
tips on palpating the abdominal wall
- make gentle rotary movemnet with four fingers close together
- lift the finger, dont drag them
- move clockwise around the abdomen
abnormal finding
- rigid
- tenderness
- large masses
- muscle guarding
3 types of hernia
- umbilicus hernia: (protruded belly button) protrusion of intestione through incomplete umbilicus ring.
- epigastric hernia: protrusion from the linea alba. only palpable when the patient is standing
- incisional hernia: a bulge near an old incision scar. might not show in a supine position, itc clear in a sit up/standing position.
