major types of joint
- synovial joint (movable)
- nonsynovial joint (immovable)
The articulation of the mandible and temporal joint with its 3 function
TEMPOROMANDIBLE JOINT
- opening and glosing of the jaw
- grinding action for potrusion and retraction
- grinding action for side to side movement of teh lower jaw
3 bony articulation in the elbow
- humerus
- ulna
- radius
palpable landmark for humerus and ulna
humerus: the medial and lateral epicondyles
ulna: the large olecranon process
3 bony articulation in the knee
- femur
- tibia
- patella (knee cap)
what is the ligament
they are bands running down from one bone to another. They strenthen the joint and help prevent movement in undesirable directions.
the landmark of the inferior border of the scapula
Between T7 and T8
The highest point at the iliac crest
L4
The loss of bone density which usually occurs in older adults leading to a decreades height
osteoporosis
The purpose of measuring leg length discrepancy
it is used to determine if one leg is shorter than the other.
The term used to describe the loss of muscle mass
ATROPHY
What type of scoliosis is apparent when standing but disappears in forward bending
FUNCTIONAL SCOLIOSIS
what type of scoliosis is apparent when standing and bending?
STRUCTURAL SCOLIOSIS
tips for inspecting the joint
- From proximal to distal
- Muscles should be soft and relaxed
how to palpate the temporamandibular joint
- instruct patient to clench the teeth
- palpate the temporalis and masseter muscle
- compare the left and the right side for size, strenth
- ask patient to move their jaw forward and laterally against your resistance
how to palpate the elbow
- inspect the size and contour of the elbow in a flexed (at 70 degrees) and extended position
- palpate the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus and the large olecranon process of the ulna
how to palpate the wrist and hand
- palpate the wrist first with both thumbs on dorsum
- move thumbs side by side
how to palpate the knee
- palpate knee in a supine position
- from the anterior thigh to the knee
- the muscles should feel solid and the joint should feel smooth
