Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

neuroscience > thalamus > Flashcards

thalamus Flashcards

1
Q

hypothalamus

A

limbic system, neuroendocrine function, autonomic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

epithalamus

A

pineal gland
habenula (limbic system)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

subthalamus

A

subthalamic nuclei involved with motor control
zone incerta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

thalamus

A

numerous nuclei (grey matter)
most have extensive reciprocal connections within the cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

anatomy of the thalamus

A

located in the diencephalon
egg shaped collection of nuclei
on top of the brainstem
forms the wall of the third ventricle
separated from the hypothalamus by the hypothalamic sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what nerve fibres surround the thalamus?

A

posterior limb of the internal capsule
stria medullaris
stria terminallis (between thalamus and caudate nucleus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the two thalami connected by?

A

interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

internal organisation of the thalamus

A

thin layer of y-shaped afferent and efferent nerve fibres called the internal medullary lamina (white matter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does the internal medullary lamina divide the thalamus into?

A

three nuclear masses: anterior, medial and lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what nuclei are embedded into the internal medullary lamina?

A

intralaminar nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what nuclei wrap around the outside of the thalamus?

A

reticular nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

relay of thalamic nuclei

A

majority project to ipsilateral cortex
- whole cortex receives input from the thalamus
- extensive reciprocal connections to the thalamus (corticofugal fibres)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

classification of thalamic nuclei

A

specific, association and non-specific nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are specific thalamic nuclei?

A

general and special sensory information- sensory cortical regions
motor information- cerebellum, basal ganglia and frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are association thalamic nuclei?

A

input from specific cortical areas and project to associatio areas
regulate activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are non-specific thalamic nuclei?

A

associative areas of the cortex and brainstem
involved in arousal and alertness

17
Q

what are the specific (relay) nuclei?

A

sensory and motor connections located in the lateral nuclear group (ventral part only)
-ventral anterior
-ventral lateral
-ventral posterior (lateral/medial)
-lateral geniculate body
-medial geniculate body

18
Q

what are the two types of ventral posterior nuclei?

A

ventral posterolateral (VPL) and ventral posteromedial (VPM)

19
Q

input and output of ventral posterior nuclei

A

ascedning pathways from spinal cord and brainstem
general sensory information from contralateral body and face
which projects to the somatosensory cortex

20
Q

information in VPL

A

limbs and trunk

21
Q

information in VPM

A

face and head (trigeminal nerve)
taste information (nucleus solitarius in medulla)
vestibular information (vesitbular nuclei)

22
Q

where are the geniculate nuclei?

A

pole of the thalamus

23
Q

lateral geniculate nuclei information

A

visual system
optic tract reticular ganglion cells
visual information from ipsilateral temporal hermirentina and contralateral nasal retina
projects to the primary visual cortex via optic radiation

24
Q

medial geniculate nuclei information

A

auditory information
ascedning fibres from inferior colliculus
projects to the primary auditory cortex via auditory radiation

25
Q

ventral anterior and ventral lateral nuclei information

A

fibres from basal nuclei (globus pallidus and substantia nigra)
- ventral anterior and ventral lateral nuclei
fibres from cerebellum
- ventral lateral nucleus
project to premotor and motor cortex
- influence normal movement
- mediate abnormalities in motor disorders

26
Q

what are the nuclei of the association nuclei?

A

pulvinar
anterior
medial

27
Q

pulvinar nuclei information

A

largest association nuclei
afferents from superior colliculus and association cortex
projects to secondary visual areas and association areas of parietal, temporal and occipital lobes
high order visual function- visual perception and eye movements

28
Q

what nuclei are in the anterior nuclei?

A

lateral dorsal
lateral posterior

29
Q

anterior nuclei information

A

afferent project from the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus
projects to the cingulate gyrus
function not entirely clear (limbic system)
- control of instinctive drives
- emotional learning
- emotional aspects of behaviour

30
Q

lateral dorsal nuclei

A

expression of emotions

31
Q

lateral posterior nuclei

A

intergrate visual/sensory input into cognitive functions

32
Q

what nuclei are in the medial nuclei?

A

dorsomedial/mediodorsal nucleus

33
Q

medial nuclei information (lateral)

A

inputs from the superior colliculus, olfactory cortex and the ventral pallidum
projects to the frontal eye fields and cingulate cortex (frontal lobe)
involved in controlling eye movements and attending to visual stimuli

34
Q

medial nuclei information (medial)

A

inputs from several brain regions (include solitary nucleus, substantia nigra, amygdala)

35
Q

what does the medial nuclei control?

A

mood and emotions

36
Q

what two nuclei are within the non-specific nuclei?

A

reticuluar thalamic nucleus and intralaminar nuclei

37
Q

reticular thalamic nucleus information

A

thin nuclei layer between the external medullary lamina and the internal capsule
inputs from reticular formation (brainstem), cerebral cortex and thalamus
strong inhibitory output to thalamic nuclei
may regulate signals relaying through the thalamus
important in sleep wake cycles and selective attention

38
Q

intralaminar nuclei

A

embedded within the internal medullary lamina
inputs from reticular formation, spinothalamic and trigeminothalamic systems
project to widespread cortical regions and basal nuclei
activates the cortex and disrupt alpha brain rhythm (sleep)
involved in arousal and alertness

neuroscience (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions