Testing for Eye Diseases

Question 1

What is a visual field test used for?

Answer 1

help the doctor find early signs of disease

Question 2

How is a visual field test set up? 2

Answer 2

-dimly lit room
-2-d map of px’s entire area of vision.

Question 3

What is a blind spot also known as and what does is it?

Answer 3

scotoma - marks a physiologic blind area of the retina

Question 4

How many types of scotoma are their and their names?

Answer 4

Central
Pericentral
Paracentral
Cecal
Nerve fiber bundle (arcute,bjerrum,comet type)

Question 5

What does central scotoma involve?

Answer 5

Involves the fixation area and is always associated with a loss of visual acuity

Question 6

What does the pericentral scotoma involve?

Answer 6

Fixation area is relatively clear and the field immediately surrounding it is
deficient

Question 7

What does the paracentral scotoma involve?

Answer 7

The area of depressed visual field is to one side of fixation

Question 8

What does the cecal scotoma involve?

Answer 8

Involves the area of the normal blind spot

Question 9

What does the Nerve fiber bundle (arcute,bjerrum,comet type) scotoma involve?

Answer 9

This type of lesion extends around the fixation point from the blind spot in an
arc and ends typically on the nasal field with a sharply demarcated border

Question 10

What is the confrontation test? 2

Answer 10

-test 4 quadrants of visual fields
-can be done anywhere with no special equipment

Question 11

What is an amsler grid?

Answer 11

a chart that consists of vertical and horizontal with a central fixation dot.

Question 12

What does the amsler grid help detect?

Answer 12

abnormalities
in the central 20 degrees in the field of
vision

Question 13

What does OCT stand for?

Answer 13

Optical Coherence Tomography

Question 14

What is a OCT scan? 3

Answer 14

-high-resolution cross-sectional imaging of the internal structures of the eye.
-noncontact imaging.
-It is 1 to 2 orders finer than the use of ultrasound, (MRI), or computed tomography

Question 15

What parts of the eye can the OCT scan? 6

Answer 15

-cornea thickness
-anterior chamber
-optic disc
-nerve fiber layer (retina)
-macula
-vitreoretinal relationship

Question 16

What is a tonometery?

Answer 16

a diagnostic test that measures the
pressure inside your eye – it measures IOP

Question 17

what condition can tontometry help in detecting?

Answer 17

glaucoma

Question 18

A tonometry is a non invasive device that works via either an
indentation or an applanation principle. True/false

Answer 18

true

Question 19

What is a gonioscopy?

Answer 19

Clinical technique used to examine the structures of the anterior chamber angle

Question 20

Gonioscopy helps differentiate between the two main types of glaucoma. T/F

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

What are the two major types of lenses used in gonioscopy?

Answer 21

direct goniolens
indirect mirrored lens

Question 22

When is the direct goniolens used?

Answer 22

primarily for infants

Question 23

How does indirect mirrored lens (gonioscopy) work?

Answer 23

the light rays are reflected by mirrors in the contact lens

Question 24

What does a pachymeter measure and why is it used (2)?

Answer 24

corneal thickness to diagnose different diseases or before cornea surgery

Question 25

What is a ophthalmoscope used to do?

Answer 25

examine the optic disc and
determine the health of the back of the eye

Question 26

What are the two types of ophthalmoscope?which is more commonly used?

Answer 26

direct - most popular
indirect

Question 27

Why is the direct ophthalmoscope more popular? 3

Answer 27

-greater magnification (× 15).
- easier to use with small or undilated pupils.
-enables the examiner to use the power of the subject’s
eyes as a magnifying system to see the retina as an erect
picture.

Question 28

Indirect ophthalmoscopes are used because: (3)

Answer 28

-It permits binocular vision with depth perception
(stereoscopic vision).
-Wider field of view of a given area.
-Image is inverted in this type of ophthalmoscope.

Question 29

What is a slit lamp?

Answer 29

It is a Binocular viewing system used to diagnose/view the eye and used in contact lens fittings

Question 30

What parts of the eye can you see when looking through the slit lamp? 4

Answer 30

cornea
anterior chamber
crystalline lens
back of the eye