Common Eye Diseases: Front of the Eye

Question 1

What is in the front half of the eye?

Answer 1

cornea to the back of the crystalline lens

Question 2

How is the type of keratitis classified?

Answer 2

by which layer of the cornea it affects

Question 3

What are the two types of keratitis?

Answer 3

-Keratitis Sicca/Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
-Herpes Simplex Keratitis

Question 4

Keratitis refers to a disorder caused by tear deficiency or excessive evaporation of tears. True/False

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What symptoms will someone with keratitis experience? 6

Answer 5

-Blurring of vision
-Burning of the eye
-Scratchiness
-Grittiness
-Discomfort or pain
-Excess tearing or redness

Question 6

What virus commonly creates corneally inflammatory disorder (keratitis)?

Answer 6

Herpes Simplex

Question 7

How quickly does the cornea heal after keratitis is diagnosed?

Answer 7

7-14 days in approx 85% of cases with drops or ointment

Question 8

What medicine/procedures can be used to correct keratitis? 3

Answer 8

-drops
-ointments
-scraping virus of the diseased epithelium

Question 9

What percentage of people will have keratitis over what time frame and in what areas?

Answer 9

50% recurrence rate over 5 years and may be highly localized in the lymph nodes, chin, eyes, and genitals.

Question 10

For a corneal foreign body is vision affected?

Answer 10

It can be - depends on depth and location of the corneal foreign body

Question 11

is a corneal foreign body an ocular emergency?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

What two things affect the prognosis of a corneal foreign body?

Answer 12

-the amount of tissue destruction
-rate of repair

Question 13

Is copper/brass or iron/steel more irritating when a px has a metallic foreign body?

Answer 13

Copper/Brass

Question 14

What is a high velocity foreign body a result of?

Answer 14

Hammering, chiseling or lathing

Question 15

What are symptoms of a metallic foreign body? 3

Answer 15

-redness
-foreign body sensation
-photophobia

Question 16

What happens after 6-8 hours of a metalic foreign body being in the cornea?

Answer 16

forms a rust ring in the corneal tissue

Question 17

What layers of the cornea does a corneal scar affect?

Answer 17

Bowman’s Membrane
Corneal strom

Question 18

Injury to the deeper layers in the cornea result in the formation of an opacity in the cornea. TRUE/FALSE

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

Can irregular astigmatism be caused by a trauma damaged cornea?

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

What does the prognosis of a corneal scar depend on?

Answer 20

how many layers the scar goes through

Question 21

What are 2 characteristics of herpes zoster (shingles)?

Answer 21

-severe neuralgic type of pain
-can be restricted to one side of the face

Question 22

What ocular conditions can someone with herpes zoster (shingles) experience? 2

Answer 22

Keratitis
Iritis

Question 23

What is the prognosis of someone who has herpes zoster (shingles)? 4

Answer 23

-Superficial and deep corneal ulcers
-Iritis
-Secondary glaucoma
-Paralysis of an extraocular muscle in the minority of instances

Question 24

What symptoms will someone with congenital glaucoma (extremely uncommon disease) have? 4

Answer 24

-appears extremely sensitive to light
-tears profusely
-corneal haziness
-Enlarged eyes

Question 25

What is the prognosis of congential glaucoma?

Answer 25

the earlier it is diagnosed the better and more likely it will be managed.

Question 26

What is keratocnous? 2

Answer 26

-degenerative disorder of the cornea -structural changes of the cornea cause it to thin and become conical

Question 27

What is the prognosis of keratoconus?

Answer 27

depends when the patient first develops this disease

Question 28

What is pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD)?

Answer 28

-Degenerative corneal ecstatic disease that is often confused with keratoconus

Question 29

How is the cornea affected with pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD)? 3

Answer 29

-Thinning in the periphery of the cornea -Corneas typically have a normal thickness in the center -Inferior cornea exhibits a peripheral band of thinning

Question 30

What is the prognosis for PMD? (caught early/caught late ) 2

Answer 30

-Visual rehabilitation in the early stages and -corneal transplant procedures in advanced stages

Question 31

Where does acanthamoeba live and whats the most likely time someone will get infected? 2

Answer 31

-happens with cls wear -can be found in water

Question 32

What is the prognosis for acanthamoeba?

Answer 32

the patient can go blind if not treated in time