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Networks > Test2Review > Flashcards

Test2Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of network media transmission & examples of each?

A

Guided - copper, fiber optics.

Unguided - radio waves, wireless

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2
Q

Frequency (with waves) definition, an measurement unit

A

Frequency = number of oscillations/second. Unit = Hertz.

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3
Q

Coaxial cable composition.

A

Composed of 2 conductors - inner (insulated) one for data transmission, and outer braided metal shield to protect the data.

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4
Q

2 types of coax cable connectors.

A

BNC & F-connector.

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5
Q

2 types of twisted-pair cabling.

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) & Shielded Twisted Pair (STP). UTP has 4 pairs of insulated copper wires and has some resistance to EMI. STP also has 4 pairs of insulated copper wires and each pair is wrapped in foil, and all 4 pairs are wrapped in wire mesh. STP is very resistant to EMI.

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6
Q

Category of UTP & STP.

A

UTP = cat 6. STP = cat 7.

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7
Q

What is RJ-45?

A

Used with ethernet. 8-pin connector.

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8
Q

What is RJ-11?

A

Used on most home telephone networks. 4-pin connector.

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9
Q

What is DB-9, and is it sync or async?

A

9-pin connector. Used to connect the serial port on a computer to a networking device. Asynchronous serial communication.

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10
Q

What is USB & (sync/async)?

A

Universal serial bus. Synchronous communication.

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11
Q

USB 2.0 & 3.0 data rate.

A

USB 2.0 is up to 480 mbps. USB 3.0 up to 5 gbps.

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12
Q

What is fiber optic cabling?

A

Uses light from an LED or laser to transmit info through a glass fiber.

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13
Q

2 categories of fiber optic cable.

A

Multimode fiber (MMF) & Single-mode fiber (SMF).

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14
Q

MMF core size & usage.

A

Core size = 62.5 microns. Usage = router -> switch, switch -> switch, server -> switch

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15
Q

SMF core size & usage.

A

Core size = 10 microns. Usage = routers -> switches, switches -> switches.

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16
Q

Fiber optic vs copper (benefits of both)

A

Copper: cheaper, easy to install, inexpensive tools.

Fiber optic: higher bandwidth, longer distances, immune to EMI, better security, does not corrode.

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17
Q

What is the ethernet standard? (IEEE….)

A

IEEE 802.3

18
Q

CSMA/CD definition.

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection

19
Q

What is carrier sense?

A

Listen to the wire and verify that it is not busy. If it is busy, keep listening until it’s free.

20
Q

What is multiple access?

A

All devices have access to the wire at the same time.

21
Q

What is collision detection?

A

If 2 devices transmit at the same time, a collision occurs. Back off & wait a random time, then try again.

22
Q

What is needed in ethernet frame for ARP & DHCP?

A

MAC address.

23
Q

How many bits in MAC address?

A

48

24
Q

What is MAC broadcast address?

A

All 48 bits are 1’s. FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF

25
Q

What is a HUB?

A

Takes every incoming bit on a port & repeats it on every other port.

26
Q

HUB OSI layer & topology.

A

Layer 1. Physically a star topology but logically a bus.

27
Q

What is a bridge?

A

Joins 2 or more LAN segments. Analyze source MAC addresses in frames entering the bridge & populate and internal MAC address table based on those addresses. Make intelligent forwarding decisions based on the destination MAC address in the frame.

28
Q

Why switch replace bridge?

A

Bridge makes forwarding decisions in software. Switch makes forwarding decisions in hardware using application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC). This reduces cost, has more features, and better performance.

29
Q

OSI layer of switches.

A

Layer 2.

30
Q

What are collision & broadcast domains?

A

Collision - set of all devices whose transmissions can cause collision of frames. Broadcast - set of all devices that receive a frame if one of them indicates a broadcast address in its transmitted frame.

31
Q

of collision & broadcast domains in HUB.

A

1 collision, 1 broadcast

32
Q

of collision & broadcast domains in bridge.

A

2 collision, 1 broadcast

33
Q

of collision & broadcast domains in switches

A

4 collision, 1 broadcast

34
Q

of collision & broadcast domains in routers

A

8 collision, 2 broadcast.

35
Q

What is a multilayer switch?

A

Combine features of layer 2 switches & layer 3 routers. Can make decisions based on both MAC & IP addresses.

36
Q

of collision & broadcast domains in multilayer switch?

A

4 collision, 4 broadcast.

37
Q

VPN definition.

A

VPN = virtual private network. Allows secure communication via a tunnel network over an untrusted network.

38
Q

What is a Firewall?

A

Network security appliance. Guards entrance to your network. Protects from malicious internet traffic. Can be software or hardware.

39
Q

What is DNS?

A

Domain Name System. Takes a domain name like google.com and resolves it to an IP address.

40
Q

How DNS service is established.

A

PC requests the IP address for a website. DNS server responds with the IP address. Packet is sent to the desired web server.

Networks (14 decks)

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