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Networks > More Test1 Review > Flashcards

More Test1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Router(symbol)

A

circle with 2 arrows in & 2 arrows out

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2
Q

Switch(symbol)

A

square with two arrows facing left & 2 facing right.

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3
Q

HUB(symbol)

A

square with double-sided arrow (pointing left & right)

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4
Q

Server(symbol)

A

3-D rectangle.

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5
Q

Bridge(symbol)

A

square with sunken top.

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6
Q

Ethernet/LAN(symbol)

A

solid line

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7
Q

WAN(symbol)

A

lightning bolt

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8
Q

Hardware firewall(symbol)

A

3-D brick wall

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9
Q

Repeater

A

amplifies a signal

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10
Q

Multiplexer(MUX)

A

turns many inputs into one output

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11
Q

Modem

A

changes signal from WAN to LAN

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12
Q

wireless access point(WAP)

A

self-explanatory

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13
Q

wireless range extender

A

similar to repeater - amplifies signal

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14
Q

Bridge

A

old version of a switch (predecessor of modern switches). It’s called a bridge because there’s only 2 ends. Connects one network segment to only one other

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15
Q

Network interface card(NIC)

A

allows a device to connect to the internet

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16
Q

Network address translator(NAT)

A

translates private IP to public IP address & vice versa.

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17
Q

Bus topology

A

every component/computer shares the same line. Only one device at a time can send a signal over the bus

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18
Q

ring topology

A

like a bus but both ends are connected in a circle. devices use tokens to communicate. used when devices must run in a particular order, like a nuclear power plant.

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19
Q

star topology

A

HUB or switch in middle and all devices connected to it. Device sends signal to HUB. once it receives a signal/packet in a port, it will distribute it to all other ports on the network. not very efficient. Physically a star but logically a bus

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20
Q

HUB & spoke

A

only used for routers

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21
Q

full mesh

A

All nodes connected to all others. number of links = n(n-1)/2 where n is the number of nodes

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22
Q

client/server (C/S) mode

A

client requests a service from server

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23
Q

Peer-to-peer (P2P)

A

both nodes function as a client & server

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24
Q

Which layers can communicate with each other in the OSI model?

A

Only neighboring layers

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25
Q

port for world wide web

A

80

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26
Q

port for ssh

A

22

27
Q

of bits in IPV4 & IPV6

A

32 & 128

28
Q

media access control (MAC) address

A

a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for use as a network address in communications within a network segment

29
Q

Layers of OSI model

A 
7 - Application
6 - Presentation
5 - Session
4 - Transport
3 - Network
2 - Data Link
1 - Physical
30
Q

Data unit for physical layer

A

Bits

31
Q

Data unit for data link layer

A

frames

32
Q

Data unit for network layer

A

packets

33
Q

Data unit for transport layer

A

segments

34
Q

TCP/IP stack layers

A

Application
Transport
Internet
Network interface

35
Q

What layers do the Network interface layer of the TCP/IP stack correspond to in the OSI model?

A

Data link & physical

36
Q

What layers does the application layer of the TCP/IP stack correspond to in the OSI model?

A

Application
presentation
session

37
Q

Physical layer purpose

A

This is how bits are represented on the medium. Controls bit rate control & synchronization, bandwidth usage, etc.

38
Q

Physical layer components

A

Cat 6, Cat 7, RJ-45 standards, physical topologies, broadband or baseband, multiplexing (TDM/FDM)

39
Q

Data link layer purpose

A

Responsible for node-to-node delivery of the message and makes sure data transfer is error-free from one node to another, over the physical layer. Connection services, flow control, error control, synchronization, physical addressing, & framing.

40
Q

Data link layer components

A

Media access control(MAC), logic link control(LLC)

41
Q

network layer purpose

A

Transmits data from one host to the other located in different networks. Also does routing. Involves logical addressing, switching, route discovery & selection, connection services.

42
Q

network layer components

A

IP addressing, packet/circuit/message switching, routing protocols

43
Q

transport layer purpose

A

TCP/UDP. Flow control(windowing, buffering), error control. Provides services to app layer and takes services from network layer. Represents end-to-end delivery of entire message.

44
Q

Session layer purpose

A

setting up & maintaining & tearing down a session. Also authentication & security, synchronization & dialog controller.

45
Q

presentation layer purpose

A

aka translation layer. Data formatting(ASCII), encryption, data compression.

46
Q

App layer purpose

A

HTTP, FTP, SMTP. Produces data which has to be transferred over the network. Functions = virtual network terminal, mail services, file transfer. directory services.

47
Q

3 types of IP address & what they do

A

unicast - single source device to single destination device.
Broadcast - single source to all devices on network
Multicast - single source to multiple, but specific, devices on a network

48
Q

Class A IP address starting digit & range of first octet

A

first bit = 0

range: 0-127

49
Q

Class B IP address starting digits & range of first octet

A

first bit = 10

range: 128-191

50
Q

Class C IP address starting digits & range of first octet

A

first bit = 110

range: 192-223

51
Q

Class D IP address starting digits & range of first octet

A

first bit = 1110
range: 224-239
reserved for multicasting

52
Q

Class E IP address starting digits & range of first octet

A

first bit = 1111
range: 240-255
reserved for future use

53
Q

Structure of IPV6 address

A

ABCD:0123:4040:0000:0000:0000:000A:000B

Written in hex separated by colons

54
Q

IPV6 abbreviations

A

Leading 0’s can be omitted, contiguous groups of 0’s can be represented as double colon.
ABCD:123:4040::A:B

55
Q

IPV6 network address range

A

First 48 bits are for internet routing

56
Q

IPV6 subnet range

A

16 bits from the 49th to 64th

57
Q

Device (interface) range

A

last 64 bits

58
Q

Regional internet registry(RIR)

A

Guidelines for assigning IPV6 addresses to countries. Minimum of 12 prefix bits.

59
Q

IPV6 anycast

A

Traffic travels for a single source device to the nearest of multiple, but specific, devices on a network

60
Q

APIPA

A

Automatic Private IP Addressing. Used when a device does not have a static IP address and/or cannot contact a DHCP server. Allows a network device to assign itself an IP address.

61
Q

Default Gateway

A

A router that knows how to forward packets on to other networks.

62
Q

BOOTP

A

Older dynamic addressing protocol. Assigned only IP, subnet mask, & default gateway.

63
Q

DHCP

A

Based on BOOTP. Assigns IP, subnet mask, & default gateway. Assigns DNS server & other variables related to VoIP

64
Q

DHCP 4-way handshake

A

Client/server.

Discovery ->

Networks (14 decks)

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