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Biomechanics > Test Two Angular Motion > Flashcards

Test Two Angular Motion Flashcards

1
Q

does pure linear motion really exist

A

no

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2
Q

what is rotation

A

moving around a fixed axis

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3
Q

what is a radian

A

distance around circle to have the same amount as radius

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4
Q

2pi radian equals what in degrees

A

360

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5
Q

1 radian pi =

A

180

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6
Q

how much is one revolution

A

2 pi radius

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7
Q

angular motion requires a

A

torque

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8
Q

linear motion requires a

A

force

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9
Q

what is torque

A

tendency of an eccentric force to rotate an object around an axis

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10
Q

you can increase torque by increasing

A

force, radius, or angle at which the force acts relative to the horizontal axis

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11
Q

what is the moment arm

A

perpendicular distance between the axis of rotation and the line of action of the applied force

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12
Q

a longer moment arm provides

A

better leverage, allows same force to produce a larger moment/torque at the axis, bolt easier to turn

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13
Q

what happens in force applied at an angle of the moment arm

A

angle of application of force, reduce the size of the moment arm

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14
Q

what is a positive direction of torque

A

counterclockwise

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15
Q

what is the negative direction of torque

A

clockwise

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16
Q

determine net torque

A

find magnitude of force, find the length of the moment arm, calculate torque, est the direction of each torque, sum the torques to find the net magnitude and direction of rotation caused by the torques

17
Q

torque and center of gravity

A

the point around which all of the torques sum to zero, only applies in vertical direction

18
Q

what is angular displacement

A

change in angular position of a segment or any point on the rotating segment

19
Q

angular displacement is measured in

A

degrees, radians, revolutions

20
Q

angular velocity has units of

A

radians/sec, degrees/sec, revs/sec

21
Q

what is tangential linear velocity

A

linear velocity of a point on a rotating segment

22
Q

how to go from degrees to m/s

A

must convert degrees to radians and then radians/sec to m/s

23
Q

what is angular acceleration

A

a change in magnitude and/or direction of the angular velocity vector with respect to time

24
Q

what is rotational inertia

A

the resistance of an object to having its state of angular motion changed

25
Q

what are factors of rotational inertia

A

mass and mass distribution

26
Q

angular acceleration is directly proportional to

A

the net torque applied

27
Q

angular acceleration is inversely proportional to

A

the rotational inertia of the segment being accelerated

28
Q

tangential acceleration is equal to

A

angular acceleration x radius

29
Q

centripetal acceleration is equal to

A

tangential velocity / radius

30
Q

changes in angular momentum are the result of changes

A

in the radius of rotation (which changes the moment of inertia) or changes in angular velocity

31
Q

changes in angular momentum are directly related to

A

Newton’s first two laws of motion

32
Q

Principle of conservation of angular momentum

A

in the absence of externally applied torque the total angular momentum of a system comprised of multiple bodies remains constant in time

33
Q

what happens with angular velocity when moment of inertia is being manipulated but you need to conserve angular momentum

A

velocity changes to conserved angular momentum

34
Q

what is rotational work

A

the angular displacement of an object about an axis caused by the application of a torque

35
Q

what is rotational power

A

the amount of angular mechanical work performed during a given interval

36
Q

what is rotational KE

A

rotational inertia and its angular velocity

Biomechanics (7 decks)

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