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Biomechanics > Test One Chapter Two > Flashcards

Test One Chapter Two Flashcards

1
Q

what is rotation

A

occurs when the system is restricted to move around a fixed axis, therefore in a circular path, angular motion

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2
Q

describe superoinferior axis

A

passes up and down, perpendicular to the transverse plane

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3
Q

example of open kinetic chain

A

leg extension, barbell curl, chest press

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4
Q

what is anthropometry

A

describes the shape of the system

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5
Q

what are some examples of anthropometry

A

height and weight, volume and breadth, related to shape, mass and mass distribution, BMI, ponderal index, somatotype, waist-to-hip ratio, crural index

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6
Q

what are some motions in the sagittal plane

A

flexion, extension, dorsiflexion, hyperextension, plantar flexion

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7
Q

what is a closed kinetic chain

A

the most distal segment is stationary

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8
Q

what is a simple kinetic chain

A

each segment participates in no more than two linkages

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9
Q

what is a serial skill

A

movements that appear to be continuous but are really a combination of discrete motions

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10
Q

most human motion is

A

general

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11
Q

describe mediolateral axis

A

passes horizontally side to side, perpendicular to the sagittal plane

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12
Q

what is a continuous skill

A

cycles of motion performed repeatedly with no well defined beginning or end points

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13
Q

examples of serial skills

A

triple jump, javelin throw, place kick in football, catching and throwing in baseball

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14
Q

describe sagittal plane

A

right and left halves

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15
Q

describe proximal

A

closer to the attachment of a limb to the body

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16
Q

describe frontal plane

A

anterior and posterior

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17
Q

motions in the transverse plane

A

rotation to the left, rotation to the right, internal rotation, external rotation, protraction, retraction,

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18
Q

what is a cardinal plane

A

a plane that passes directly through the midline of the body

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19
Q

what is translation

A

motion alone one of the x, y, or z axes in which all points of the system move at the same time, in the same direction, with respect to the defined reference of frame

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20
Q

what is force

A

something that possesses the capability to cause a change in motion or the shape of the system

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21
Q

what is curvilinear translation

A

path of the system is a curved line

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22
Q

examples of closed skills

A

basketball free throw, gymnasts, running, golf

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23
Q

other name for posterior

A

dorsal

24
Q

describe deep

A

further from the surface of the body

25
Q

what is a system

A

any structure or organization of related structures whose state of motion is of analytical interest

26
Q

motions in the frontal plane

A

abduction, adduction, elevation, depression, eversion, inversion, deviation, lateral flexion

27
Q

what is a complex kinetic chain

A

a segment is linked to more than two other segments

28
Q

what is an open kinetic chain

A

the most distal segment is free to move

29
Q

describe lateral

A

position or movement away from the midline of the body

30
Q

examples of open skills

A

passing in soccer game, football throw, hockey

31
Q

what are some examples of smoatotypes

A

endomorph, mesomorph, ectomorph

32
Q

describe transverse plane

A

superior and inferior

33
Q

what is center of mass

A

the point that represents the average location of a system’s mass, aka center of gravity

34
Q

example of closed kinetic chain

A

push up, squat,

35
Q

what is motion

A

change in position with respect to spatial and temporal frames of reference

36
Q

what are closed skills

A

a skill performed under standard environmental conditions

37
Q

describe distal

A

having a position further from the attachment of the limb of the body

38
Q

example of continuous skills

A

swimming, jogging, skipping and walking

39
Q

what is general motion

A

combination of translation and rotation, rolling

40
Q

other name for anterior

A

ventral

41
Q

describe anatomical position

A

Body is upright, facing the observer, flat feet and directing forward/parallel. The UE are at the body’s sides with palms facing forward and fingers together

42
Q

what is deviation

A

medial (pinky) and lateral (thumb)

43
Q

example of discrete skills

A

broad jump, throwing a dart, lifting a weight

44
Q

what are the three cardinal planes

A

sagittal plane, frontal, and transverse plane

45
Q

what is discrete skills

A

movement with a definite beginning and end point

46
Q

describe superficial

A

closer to the surface of the body

47
Q

what are open skills

A

a skill that must be altered because of the changing dynamics of the activity, environment, or object of interest

48
Q

center of mass has what qualities

A

point that represents the average location of a system’s mass, all cardinal planes pass through this point, gravitational pull is concentrated here

49
Q

describe medial

A

position or movement toward the midline of the body

50
Q

what is a kinetic chain

A

system of linked rigid bodies subject for force application

51
Q

what are some examples of a system

A

entire human, part of a human, object kicked or thrown by human

52
Q

what is a free body diagram

A

a simplified representation of the system free of the movement environment

53
Q

what is rectilinear translation

A

path of the system is a straight line

54
Q

what is crural index

A

ration of the length of the lower leg to the thigh

55
Q

what are some motions in multiple panes

A

circumduction, pronation of the ankle, supination of the ankle

56
Q

describe anteroposterior axis

A

runs horizontally front to back, perpendicular to the frontal plane

Biomechanics (7 decks)

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