Test Study Flashcards
Which bryophytes have stomata? Which do not? What do they have?
Mosses and Hornworts. Liverworts only have pores.
What bryophyte has a thallus and what is its function?
Hornworts. It is where the archegonia/antheridia are located on.
What is the advantage of the leaf arrangement of liverworts?
The leaf arrangement traps water.
Which bryophytes have algae like chloroplasts? Which have more developed ones?
Hornworts have pyrenoids (more like algae). Moss have chloroplasts like most land plants (disk-shaped; no pyrenoids).
What are the ecological limits of bryophytes? (2)
- Need moisture for gemetophyte growth and for sexual reproduction. 2. Sporophyte size limited by water conducting tissues.
What are the ecological importance of bryophytes? (2)
- Prevent floods. 2. Important in global carbon cycle (they store large amounts of carbon).
What are characteristics shared by all land plants? (3)
- True vascular tissues, with xylem and phloem. 2. Lignin. 3. Stems and roots.
What are the characteristics of sporophytes in land plants?
They are independent and live longer. They are branched, vascular, and photosynthetic.
Which bryophytes have sporophytes that depend on the gametophyte completely for survival?
Liverworts are dependent. Hornwort sporophytes are somewhat independent.
When did land plants take to the air?
Over 400 million years ago.
Which lychophytes are homosporous? Which are Heterosporous?
Club mosses (Lychopodium) and Quillworts (Isoetes) are homosporous. Spike mosses (Selaginella) is homosporous.
What does the Archaeopteris fossil tell us?
Heterosporoy and endosporic development are necessary for seeds to evolve.
Where is the megasporangium in the pine seed?
Surrounding the megagametophyte.
Which gymnosperms are monoecious? Which are dioecious?
Conifers are monoecious. Cycads and Ginkgos are dioecious. Gnetophytes can be both.
Which gymnosperms have motile sperm?
Cycads and Ginkgos have motile sperm. Gnetophytes do not have motile sperm.
