Angiosperms Flashcards
What characteristics do angiosperms have?
Xylem with vessels, flowers with stamens and carpels. Ovules and carpels develop into fruits.
What is the stamen? What two parts make it up?
Microsporophyll with four sporangia. It consists of the anther and the filament.
What are carpels?
Megasporophyll enclosing the ovules.
Describe the evolution of carpels.
A leaf with sporangia folded over to create a single fused carpel. Over time, there were three fused carpels.
What is the embryo sac?
A mature megagametophyte.
Describe the evolution of stamens.
A modified leaf surrounding 2 sporangia containing 2 pollen sacs. Over time, The sprangia surrounded the leaf. The leaf part is reduced.
How can double fertilization occur? (2)
- One sperm unites with the egg to form the diploid zygote. 2. One sperm unites with two polar nuclei to form the endosperm.
What is the endosperm?
A triploid storage of tissues of tissues.
How many cotyledon(s) does a monocot have? How many flower parts?
They have 1 cotyledon. And they have flower parts in threes.
Do monocots have true secondary growth?
No.
Do eudicots have true secondary growth?
Yes.
What are the vascular bundles in eudicots like? What about in monocots?
Eudicots have vascular bundles in a ring. Monocots have scattered vascular bundles.
How many cotyledon(s) do eudicots have?
Two.
What three parts make up the carpal?
Stigma, style, and ovary.
In the anther, what undergoes meiosis to form what?
The microspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to create 4 microspores.
In the anther, what undergoes mitosis to form what?
The microspores undergo mitosis to create the male gametophyte (pollen).
What two cells make up the male gametophyte?
- Tube cell (makes tube through style to ovary). 2. Generative cells (creates sperm cells).
What structures are contained in the ovary?
Ovules.
How are megaspores created in the ovule?
From the megaspore mother cell undergoing meiosis.
How are eggs formed in the ovule?
They result from meiosis of megaspores.
What is the evolutionary significance of petals, nectar, and fragrance?
To attract pollinators.
How many sperm does the generative cell create?
Two.
What leads to the endosperm (the nutritive tissue)?
When 1 sperm unites with 2 polar nuclei.
Are the endosperm in gymnosperms haploid, diploid, or triploid? What about angiosperms?
Gymnosperms have haploid endosperms. Angiosperms have triploid endosperms.
