Test for Carbohydrates & Lipids Flashcards by MA. CRISANDRA JOYCE HERRERA

general test for carbohydrates that has 5 carbon atoms

Molisch

VIOLET RING

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detects aldehyde reducing sugar

the general test for monosaccharides

Fehling-alkali

Positive: Reddish Brown
Negative: Blue

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tautomerization happens here

detects the presence of reducing sugars

Benedict-alkali

Positive: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green
Negative: Blue

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distinguish monosaccharide and disaccharide reducing sugar

Barfoed-acidic

Positive: Brick Red Precipitate
Negative: Blue

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distinguish ketose from aldose

detects KETOSE

Seliwanoff

Positive: Cherry Red (Ketose)
Negative : Pinkish (Aldose)

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distinguish pentose and hexose

detects pentose

Bial’s Orcinol

Positive: Blue-Green Colored Complex (pentose)
Negative: Muddy Brown (hexose)

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detects galactose and lactose

Mucic

Positive: Crystallization
Negative: No crystals

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detects presence of polysaccharides

starch, glycogen, cellulose, dexteran

Iodine Test

Positive: Blue-Black Colored Complex
Negative: no change or Yellowish Brown

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T or F

Fehlings -detects aldehyde (aldose)
Seliwanoff - detects ketone (ketose)

True

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Reagents Edition for CARBO:

Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) - dehydrating agent to form furfural

a-naphthol 95% ethanol- condensing agent reacts to furfural forming voilet ring

Molisch Test

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Reagents Edition for CARBO:

Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate (II)
(CuSO4 5H20)

Potassium Sodium Tartrate
KNaC4H4O6·4H2O

Fehling’s Test

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AKA Rochelle Salt

Sodium Potassium Tartrate

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Reagents Edition for CARBO:

Sodium Carbonate
Na2CO3

Sodium Citrate
Na3C6HO7

Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate (II)
CuSO4 5H20

Benedict’s Test

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Reagents Edition for CARBO:

Acetic Acid
CH3COOH

Copper Acetate
Cu(CH3COO)2

Barfoed’s Test

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Reagents Edition for CARBO:

Resorcinol - Condensing Agent

HCl - Dehydratating Agent

Seliwanoff’s Test

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Reagents Edition for CARBO:

HCL- dehydrating agent

Orcinol & Ferric Chloride- condensing agent

Bial’s Orcinol Test

Reagents Edition for CARBO:

Concentrated Nitric Acid - oxidizing agent

Mucic Test

Reagents Edition for CARBO:

Lugol’s Iodine & Potassium Iodine

Iodine Test

which is more stable?

Fehling or Benedict

Benedict

Detects lipid solubility in various solvents to check whether it is soluble or insoluble in polar or nonpolar solvents

general test for detects lipids in their liquid form

Spotting Effect

Detects Glycerol & Fat

Acrolein

Detects Alken Group or in short Unsaturated FA

Bromine Water Test

Detects glycolipids

Lipids with Carbohydrates

Molisch Test

Detects ALPHA amino group of amino acid

as well as the primary and secondary amines

Ninhydrin Test

Rheumann's Complex is also known as ?

Violet Complex

detects Nitrogen Containing Lipids or Aminod Group eg. Sphingolipids

Soda Lime

Detects lipids with Phosphate Group eg. Phospholipids

Ammonium Molybdate

Detects Cholesterol and Unsaturated Steroids

Liebermann Burchard Test

Reagent Edition for LIPIDS: Filtered Paper

Spotting effect

Reagent Edition for LIPIDS: | Potassium Bisulphate - strong dehydrating agent KHSO4

Acrolein Test Positive: Pungent & Irritating Odor Negative : no odor

Reagent Edition for LIPIDS: Br2

Bromine Water Test Positive - Yellow to Colorless Negative- remains Yellow

Reagent Edition for LIPIDS: Concentrated Sulfuric Acid -dehydrating Agent H2SO4 A-napthol 95% in ethanol

Molisch Test Positive: Reddish-Purple RIng Negative; no ring

Reagent Edition for LIPIDS: ________ (triketohydrindene hydrate) 2,2 dihydroxyindane 1,3 dione

Ninhydrin Test Positive: Blue-Purple Complex or Rhuemann's Complex Negative; no reaction

Reagent Edition for LIPIDS: | ``` Sodium Hydroxide NaOH + Calcium Hydroxide -deaminating agent (Ca(OH)2 ```

Soda Lime Test Positive: Red or Blue result in Litmus Test means there's Ammonium Hydroxide Negative: None

Reagent Edition for LIPIDS: ___________ -oxidizing agent (NH4)2 MoO4) Nitric Acid -dehydrating agent (HNO3)

Ammonium Molybdate Test Positive- Bright Yellow Precipitate Negative: None

Reagent Edition for LIPIDS: Acetic Anhydride -solvent & dehydrate (CH3CO)2O or C4H6O3 & Concentrated sulphuric acid- dehydrating & Oxidizing agent (H₂SO₄)

Liebermann Burchard Positive- Blue-Green Complex (unstable depends on the steroid) Negative: None