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Biochemistry Lecture and Laboratory > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

important energy-storage molecules

A

Fats

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2
Q

building blocks of fats?

A

glycerol

fatty acid

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3
Q

how many carbons does glycerol have?

A

3

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4
Q

how many carbons does fatty acid have?

A

14-18 or 14-20

depending if it is saturated and unsaturated

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5
Q

2 classification of a fatty acid

A

unsaturated

saturated

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6
Q

_____ test is used to detect the presence of glycerol or fat

A

Acrolein Test

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7
Q

smallest units of Lipids?

A

Fatty Acids

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8
Q

single-bonded fatty acid

A

Saturated

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9
Q

has two or more double bond fatty acid

A

Unsaturated

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10
Q

c10-c20 is?

A

Saturated FA

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11
Q

c18 and c20 is?

A

Unsaturated FA

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12
Q

has even number of carbon atoms

A

acetic acid

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13
Q

low melting point

A

Unsaturated

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14
Q

found in vegetable oils

A

unsaturated

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15
Q

most abundant in animal fats

A

saturated

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16
Q

e.g. Coconut oils, Beef tallow…

A

saturated

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17
Q

high melting point

A

saturated

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18
Q

e.g. avocado oil, peanut oil, olive oil

A

unsaturated

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19
Q

Fats that can be found in marine animals?

A

Omega 3

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20
Q

greek word

eikosi?

A

eicosanoids

eikosi translates to 20

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21
Q

T or F

Lipids are soluble to H20

A

False

they are INSOLUBLE IN NATURE

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22
Q

Organic Solvents?

A

Acetone, Alcohol, Methyl Chloroform

Lipids are Soluble here

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23
Q

what do you call when the lipids and water doesn’t mix with each other?

A

edi tipaklong

choz

Micells daw

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24
Q

T or F

Carbohydrates have more energy than Lipids

A

False

Lipids ang mas may maraming Energy

kaya keto diet is born

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25
Q

T or F

Lipids are homogenous

A

False

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26
Q

what type of organic solvent is this?

 O
 ||
/  \
A

Acetone

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27
Q

simplest ketone

A

Acetone

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28
Q

Oxygen Bonded with 2 carbons

/\o/\

A

Ether

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29
Q

Cl
|
/ \
Cl Cl

A

Choloroform

more common organic solvent

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30
Q

T or F

Lipids is Amphiphatic in nature. Hydrophobic head & Hydrophilic tail

A

1st statement is true
2nd Statement is false
HydroPHILIC = Head
HydroPHOBIC = Tail

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31
Q

T or F

if the nonpolar tail is longer it has more interaction to organic solvents

A

T

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32
Q

Lipis Funnctions

A
  • for Energy
  • structural component
  • insulation
  • coating
  • vitamins precusor (cholesterol)
  • chemical signals
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33
Q

2 Clasification of Lipids

A

Open chain

FA, Triacylglycerol, Phosphoacylgcerol, Sphingolipids, Glycolipids

Fused Ring

Cholesterol, Steroid, Bile Acids

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34
Q

type of lipid that can we find in processed foods?

A

FA, saturated and unsaturated

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35
Q

T of F

Cis- hydrogen atoms in the carbon are in the opposite Side
Trans - hydrogen atoms in the carbon is in the same side

A

False
Cis-same side
Trans- opposite side

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36
Q

T or F

Unsaturated occurs in Cis Conformation

A

T

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37
Q

Saturated Fatty acids? (5)

A 
Lauric 12
Myristic 14
Palmitic 16
Stearic 18
Arachidic 20
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38
Q

Unsaturated FA? (5)

A 
Palmitoleic 16
Oleic 18
Linoleic 18
Linolenic 18
Arachidonic 20
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39
Q

T or F

Carboxylic Acid F group is always PRIORITY that’s why counting starts there

A

T

40
Q

FA that is Good for the <3

A

OMEGA - 3 Fatty Acid

41
Q

AKA last carbon

A

OMEGA

42
Q

next to the C1

A

Alpha Carbpn

43
Q

What are the Omega 3 FA?

A

Linoleic 18

Eicosapentaenoic - 20

DOcosahexaenoic - 22

44
Q

Gycerol + 3 FA =

A

Triglycerol or Tryacylglycerol

45
Q

T or F

Triacylglycerol is Amphiphatic

A

True

46
Q

T or F

Glycerol acts as Hydrophilic Head
FA acts as Hydrophobic Head

A

True

47
Q 
R
          |
         O
          |
   O= C

what is this?

A

Ester Bond

COOR

48
Q

Esther will be converted into Aldehyde if is introduced to dehydrating Agent of ____ (KHSO4) Potassium Bisulfate

A

Acrolein Test

49
Q

what do you call the process of formation of Triacylglycerol?

A

esterification

ester bond between glycerol and Fatty Acid

50
Q

removing of H20

A

Hydrolysis

51
Q

enzymes when organism uses Fatty Acid

A

Lipase

52
Q

hydrolyzes the ester linkage

A

lipase

53
Q

Concentrated Store of Metabolic Energy

A

Triglycerol

54
Q

Lipid + Hydrochloric Acid (NaOH)

A

Soap

55
Q

Sodium Salt of Fatty Acid

A

Soap

56
Q

defense mechanism to virus

A

soap

emulsifying agent-
surfactant
ampiphatic - tail attaches to dirt

57
Q

T or F

Soap
disrupt the membrane of the virus making it disabled

A

True

58
Q

AKA Glycerophospholipids

A

Phospholipids

59
Q

Glycerol + 2 FA + Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4) + Nitrogen Compound

A

Phospholipid

60
Q

Glycerol + 2 FA + Phosphoric Acid + Serine

A

Phosphatidyl Serine

61
Q

Glycerol + 2 FA + Phosphoric Acid + Ethanolamine

A

Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine

62
Q

Glycerol + 2 FA + Phosphoric Acid + Choline

A

Phosphatidyl Choline

63
Q

complex mixtures- long-chain of carboxylic acid and Alcohol of ester

A

Waxes

-protective coat for plants and animals

64
Q

Polar head of Phospholipid

A

Phosphoric Acid

65
Q

Sphingosine + 1 FA + Phosphoric Acid + Choline

A

Sphingolipids

66
Q

sphingosine + FA

A

Ceramide

67
Q

Cereamides + Sugar

A

Cerebroside

68
Q

a long chain of amino alcohol (18 carbons)

A

Sphingosine

69
Q

Ceramide + Galactose + Sphingosine

A

Glycolipids

70
Q

AKA acidic Glycosphingolipids

A

Gangliosides

71
Q

Ceramide + 2 or more Sugars

A

Gangliosides

72
Q

Ceramide + 1 sugar

A

Cerebroside

73
Q

synthesize by liver, fats, carbohydrates and proteins from

part of cell membrane, brain, nerve tissues
steroid
bile salts

A

Cholesterol

precusor of Vit D

74
Q

regulation of Calcium and Phosphorus metabolism

A

VITAMIN D

-common is cholecalciferol

75
Q

ricket is a deficiency

A

Vitamin D

76
Q

Flow of Vitamin D

A

Enzymatic Reaction -> UV Radiation -> Enzymatic Reaction in (liver) -> Enzymatic Reaction in (kidney) = dihydroxycholecalciferol or VITAMIN D3

77
Q

Lipid Soluble VITAMINS

A

A - eye site
D - calcium & phosphorus
E - anti oxidants
K - regulatory of blood clots

78
Q

synthesized in liver from Cholesterol

stored in gall bladder

A

Bile Salt

may Na+

79
Q

bile pigment- bilirubin (yellowish skin)

A

Jaundice

80
Q

high amount of cholesterol in Gall Bladder

A

Gall Stones

81
Q

emulsifying agents to fats

A

Salts or Bile Salts

82
Q

Phospholipids + Proteins

carries insoluble lipids to liver

A

Lipoproteins -depends on the density

83
Q

good Cholesterol

A

HDL

84
Q

bad cholesterol

A

LDL

85
Q

T or F

high-fat diet (saturated FA) causes reabsorption of cholesterol from bile salts

A

True

86
Q

HIGH SATURATED FAT WILL CAUSE?

A

Atherosclerosis

87
Q

with kink and cis configuration

A

Unsaturated FA

88
Q

w/o kink and trans configuration

A

Saturated

89
Q

lessens the melting point of lipid

A

kink

90
Q

T or F

Phospholipids are UNSATURATED FATTY ACID that allows fluidity

A

True

kasi UnSat is liquid

91
Q

provides strength and rigidity disbarred the permeability

A

Cholesterol

92
Q

Phospholipids + Cholesterol + Peripheral Proteins + Integral Proteins + Sphingolipids + Glycolipids

A

Biologival Structure of Membrane

93
Q

T or F

Fused ring is weak that permits permiability

A

False

Rigid sila

94
Q

bonds interaction in polar heads

A

Hydrogen Bonding - mot dikit dikit bot may interaction

95
Q

stabilizes the arrangement of Saturated FA

A

Van Der Waals Interactions - weak forces

Biochemistry Lecture and Laboratory (8 decks)

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