Test 9

Question 1

Science of extracting metals from their ores and preparing them for use

Answer 1

Metallurgy

Question 2

Substances that dissolve in water to produce ions that can conduct an electrical current

Answer 2

Electrolytes

Question 3

The effect of changes on equilibrium systems is described by what principle

Answer 3

Le Chatelier’s

Question 4

The study of reaction rates and pathways

Answer 4

Chemical kinetics

Question 5

Minimum kinetic energy that a molecule must possess to undergo a chemical reaction

Answer 5

Activation energy

Question 6

What is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the reaction?

Answer 6

Catalyst

Question 7

Halogens used in the disinfection of drinking water and the synthesis of medicine, crop-protection chemicals, and PVC plastics

Answer 7

Chlorine

Question 8

The most abundant element in the universe

Answer 8

Hydrogen

Question 9

Noble gas used as a lifting gas in airships and weather balloons, as an extremely low-temperature coolant, and as a laser medium

Answer 9

Helium

Question 10

Isotopes are commonly called protium, deuterium, and tritium

Answer 10

Hydrogen

Question 11

Extracted from the air and used to make artificial fertilizers and explosives

Answer 11

Nitrogen

Question 12

A gas found in air that is necessary for the survival of humans and animals

Answer 12

Oxygen

Question 13

Ozone is an allotrope of this element

Answer 13

Oxygen

Question 14

Halogens used in dental hygiene and in the manufacture of refrigerants

Answer 14

Fluorine

Question 15

Exists in an unstable white allotrope and a more stable red allotrope; used to make matches and some fertilizers

Answer 15

Phosphorus

Question 16

Extracted from petroleum and natural gas by the Claus process; used to make an important industrial acid

Answer 16

Sulfur

Question 17

Alkali metal found in lye, washing soda, baking soda, and table salt

Answer 17

Sodium

Question 18

The most abundant metal in the earths crust; a lightweight metal widely used to make aircraft, spacecraft, and beverage cans

Answer 18

Aluminum

Question 19

The second most abundant metal in the earths crust; the cheapest and most widely used metal

Answer 19

Iron

Question 20

The most malleable and ductile metal known

Answer 20

Gold

Question 21

Precious metal used in automotive and industrial catalyst

Answer 21

Platinum

Question 22

Most common semimetal; found in computer chips, glass, and sand

Answer 22

Silicon

Question 23

The metal most commonly refined by means do blast furnaces

Answer 23

Iron

Question 24

Alkaline earth metal the helps compose limestone, slaked lime, and cement

Answer 24

Calcium

Question 25

Metal used in electrical wiring and as a component of brass and bronze

Answer 25

Copper

Question 26

What change would not increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 26

Diluting reactant concentrations

Question 27

A solution that contains as much dissolved solute as possible under equilibrium conditions is said to be ____?

Answer 27

Saturated

Question 28

What theory states that when two molecules collide and chemically react they form a short-lived activated complex before breaking apart to form the products

Answer 28

Transition-state

Question 29

Catalyst statement

Answer 29

A catalyst increases the reaction rate by lowering the reaction’s activation energy

Question 30

The rate of a chemical reaction is usually measured as _____?

Answer 30

The change in concentration of a given substance per unit of time

Question 31

In a solution of sodium chloride in water, water is the _____?

Answer 31

Solvent

Question 32

Describe a system at equilibrium

Answer 32

Rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal

Question 33

What is the flow of solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution?

Answer 33

Osmosis

Question 34

What is a mixture of two or more metals melted together

Answer 34

Alloy

Question 35

What is a mixture containing tiny clumps or particles that remain suspended within the mixture and will not settle out?

Answer 35

Colloid

Question 36

What can be expected if the chemical reaction is increased from 20°C to 30°C?

Answer 36

It doubles

Question 37

What type of substance will be more likely to dissolve in a polar solvent than in a nonpolar solvent

Answer 37

Polar

Question 38

What is a factor that causes change in an equilibrium system?

Answer 38

Stress

Question 39

Protein found in living things

Answer 39

Enzymes

Question 40

If a nonvolatile solute such as glucose is added to water what will happen to the boiling point?

Answer 40

It will increase

Question 41

When a gas is dissolved in water, decreasing the temperature tends to _____ the solubility of the gas?

Answer 41

It increases