Final Exam

Question 1

Which law relates the volume, pressure, temperature and number of moles of a gas?

Answer 1

Ideal gas law

Question 2

What is the semiconductor most commonly used to make computer chips?

Answer 2

Silicon

Question 3

What is the most abundant element in the universe?

Answer 3

Hydrogen

Question 4

What element is ozone a form of?

Answer 4

Oxygen

Question 5

What type of substance consists of two or more elements chemically combined?

Answer 5

Compound

Question 6

What group of lipids includes cholesterol, bile salts, and vitamin D?

Answer 6

Steroids

Question 7

Rubbery polymers made from silicon-oxygen chains rather than carbon chains

Answer 7

Silicones

Question 8

Biological polymers composed of long chains of sugar

Answer 8

Polysaccharides

Question 9

Protein catalyst found in living things

Answer 9

Enzymes

Question 10

Substituted hydrocarbons containing one or more hydroxyl groups (-OH)

Answer 10

Alcohols

Question 11

Ionic compounds composed of any cation except H+ and any anion except OH-

Answer 11

Salts

Question 12

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms

Answer 12

Isomers

Question 13

Sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids

Answer 13

Soaps

Question 14

Hydrocarbons consisting of rings containing delocalized electrons

Answer 14

Aromatic hydrocarbons

Question 15

Hydrocarbons characterized by one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms

Answer 15

Alkynes

Question 16

Alkanes and other organic compounds consisting of only hydrogen and carbon

Answer 16

Hydrocarbons

Question 17

What re the outermost electrons in an atom, which are involved in chemical bonding?

Answer 17

Valence

Question 18

What is the complex mixture of liquid hydrocarbons found in the earths crust?

Answer 18

Petroleum

Question 19

What is the reaction of alkanes and other hydrocarbons with oxygen to produce CO2, H2O, and heat?

Answer 19

Combustion

Question 20

What is the study of chemical compounds containing carbon?

Answer 20

Organic chemistry

Question 21

What is an atom that gains electrons in a chemical reaction undergo?

Answer 21

Reduction

Question 22

What is the minimum kinetic energy that a molecule must possess to undergo a chemical reaction?

Answer 22

Activation energy

Question 23

If the forward and reverse reactions of a reversible chemical reaction are proceeding at the same rate, then the system is said to be in a state of?

Answer 23

Chemical equilibrium

Question 24

What is plastic and other materials made from many small molecules that have been linked together to form much larger molecules?

Answer 24

Polymers

Question 25

An atom of a particular element is distinguished from atoms of other elements buy the number of what?

Answer 25

Protons

Question 26

Protein molecules consist of long chains of smaller molecule

Answer 26

Amino acids

Question 27

What is nuclear radiation that consist of high-speed electrons?

Answer 27

Beta

Question 28

Elements with the largest atoms are located in what region of the periodic table?

Answer 28

Lower left

Question 29

The elements helium, argon, and xenon belong to the group of elements are known as what?

Answer 29

Noble gases

Question 30

Nylon is a common name for a group of polymers called?

Answer 30

Polyamides

Question 31

Citric acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid are examples of?

Answer 31

Carboxylic acids

Question 32

What is an important 6-carbon sugar found in both animals and plants?

Answer 32

Glucose

Question 33

More compounds are formed from ____ than from all the other elements combined.

Answer 33

Carbon

Question 34

DNA and RNA are polymers of ____?

Answer 34

Nucleotides

Question 35

The strong intermolecular force responsible for the unexpectedly high boiling points of water, ammonia, and hydrogen fluoride is the _____.

Answer 35

Hydrogen bond

Question 36

As a rule of thumb, the rate of a given chemical reaction doubles when the temperature is increased by_____?

Answer 36

10 degrees

Question 37

A chemical bond characterized by the sharing of one or more electron pairs between two atoms in a molecule is called?

Answer 37

Covalent bond

Question 38

A substance that dissociates or ionizes in water to produce ions that an induct an electric current is called?

Answer 38

Electrolyte

Question 39

Chemical reactions and physical changes that release heat to their surroundings are?

Answer 39

Exothermic

Question 40

the process of oxidation in an electrochemical cell always occur at the?

Answer 40

Anode

Question 41

Electrons that circulate freely throughout a molecule instead of being bound to a single atom or pair of atoms are said to be?

Answer 41

Delocalized

Question 42

Kinetic energy s energy associated with an objects_____?

Answer 42

Motion

Question 43

What is a list of metals arranged by their relative ease of oxidation?

Answer 43

Activity series

Question 44

What is the study of the chemistry of living things?

Answer 44

Biochemistry

Question 45

What is a substance that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water?

Answer 45

Base

Question 46

The shorter the half-life of a radioactive substance, the greater its activity.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

Compounds that contain the functional group —-N—- and can be thought of as derived from ammonia are?

Answer 47

Amines

Question 48

The second law of thermodynamics states that____?

Answer 48

The entropy of the universe is always increasing

Question 49

The elements lithium, sodium,potassium, and cesium belong to the group of elements known as the _____ metals

Answer 49

Alkali

Question 50

The amount of fissionable material at a given density required to sustain a chain reaction is known as?

Answer 50

Critical mass

Question 51

The precious metal, more expensive than gold, that is commonly used in industrial and automotive catalyst is?

Answer 51

Platinum

Question 52

The Uncertainty Principle states____?

Answer 52

The position and momentum of small particles such as electrons cannot be precisely measured simultaneously

Question 53

A triglyceride is a _____ molecule?

Answer 53

Fat

Question 54

Hydrocarbons containing one or more double bonds usually end in?

Answer 54

-ene

Question 55

A mixture containing tiny clumps or particles that remain suspended and do not settle down over time

Answer 55

Colloid

Question 56

Sulfur is extracted from petroleum and natural gases using what process?

Answer 56

Claus

Question 57

When a piece of blue litmus paper turns red when dipped in a solution, the ph must be?

Answer 57

Less than 7

Question 58

A nuclear reaction in which a single large nucleus gets split into two smaller nuclei

Answer 58

Nuclear fission

Question 59

The concentration of a solution in terms of moles solute per liter of solution is known as?

Answer 59

Molarity

Question 60

When a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol, what is formed?

Answer 60

Ester

Question 61

What are individual “packets” or quanta of light?

Answer 61

Photons