Test 6 Flashcards
abnormal behaviour
behaviour that is deviant, maladaptive or personally stressful for long period of time
deviant
behaviour does not conform to accepted social standards
maladaptive
behaviour interferes with a persons ability to function effectively in the world
personal distress
person engaging in behaviour finds it troubling
how many abnormal behaviours need to be present for it to be abnormal?
only one, typically 2 or 3 are present
what is the biological approach theory for psychological disorders?
psychological disorders come from organic and internal causes
medical model
describes psychological disorders as medical diseases with a biological origin
what is the theory for psychological approach of psychological disorders?
it emphasises contributions of experiences, thoughts, emotions and personality characteristics in explaining psychological disorders
what does the psychological approach consider?
influence of childhood experiences and how rewards and punishments in environment determine abnormal behaviour
what is the theory of sociocultural approach to psychological disorders
emphasises social contexts in which a person lives and says that culture matters when evaluating deviant behaviour
what are some disorders that are culture related?
amok, taijin kyofusho, koro
amok
disorder with sudden, uncontrolled outbursts of anger where the person may injure or kill someone (Philippines, Malaysia, Africa)
Taijin kyofusho
syndrome with intense fear of interpersonal relations or losing respect of others (Japan)
koro
belief that one’s genitalia are retracting into own abdomen (China, Southeast Asia)
vulnerability-stress hypothesis
suggests pre-existing conditions may put person at risk of developing disorder
what is the biopsychosocial model?
the biological, psychological and sociocultural approaches contribute to understanding of mental illness
how do we classify abnormal behaviour?
classifying behaviours into specific psychological disorders
stigma
shame that causes others to avoid or act negatively toward person
DSM classification system
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
what are the critiques of the DSM?
- treats psychological disorders like mental illnesses
- focuses strictly on problems
- relies too much on social norms and subjective judgements
- too many new categories
what is autism spectrum disorder?
range of neurodevelopment disorders, is a range of systems
what are symptoms of autism spectrum disorder?
- impaired social interaction and communication
- repetitive behaviour
- restricted interests
what is somatic symptom disorder?
person experiences one or more bodily symptoms and experiences excessive thoughts and feelings about the symptoms
anxiety disorders
fears that are uncontrollable and disproportionate to the real dangers