test 5 chapter 14

Question 1

percentage of ASD patients who use meds

Answer 1

40-50 (more adults then kids)

Question 2

Secretin

Answer 2

drug for digestion problems which caused increas in language in one case which was featured on dateline, then poorly controlled study confirmed effectiveness and it became populare as ASD txt

Question 3

Fombonne 2003

Answer 3

drugs have only a minimal role in management of problem behavior, use sparingly and only when other strategies have been tried properly and fail

Question 4

Methodological problems in common published studies

Answer 4

imprecise criteria for participant selection
poor outcome measures
failure to demonstrate clinically significant, as opposed to statistically significant effects
weak experimental design
inadequate evaluation of adverse effects
failure to examine long term effects

Question 5

Methods for BA to evaluate drugs

Answer 5

Study > 6 participants intensively with well defined charachteristics
within subject design (MBL across participants, withdrawal)
defining target behaviors carefully and using direct and repeated measures to quantify them
analyzing data through visual inspection of figures depicting each participant’s responding, not inferential statistics.
Socially validating the acceptability of the goals, procedures, and results of an intervention for clients and care providers.

Question 6

Valdovinos (2002)

Answer 6

risperidone on destructive and aggressive behavior, no significant difference between risperidone and placebo

Question 7

Crossland et al (2003)

Answer 7

risperidone and FA on destructive behavior

risperidone reduced destructive behavior in demand condition but not the tangible condition/attention condition

Question 8

Zarcone et al (2004)

Answer 8

risperidone on the destructive behavior of 13 people, it was reduced for 10

Question 9

Characteristics of accountable treatment

Answer 9

goals are clear and in the participant’s best interest
procedures are clear and implemented with fidelity
decisions are made on the basis of change in behavior

Question 10

essential features of a sound drug eveluation

Answer 10

treatment effects are adequately measured
medication administered according to exp regimen
exp conditions must allow behavior to be attributed to change in med
data analysis must be adequate for detecting clinically important changes