Test 5 Flashcards
I Olfactory
sense of smell
II Optic
vision
III Oculomotor
innervation of all extrinsic ocular muscles except the superior oblique and lateral rectus
IV Trochlear
superior oblique eye muscles
V Trigeminal
exteroceptive sensation; motor innervation to muscles of mastication
VI Abducens
Motor innervation of lateral rectus ocular muscle
VII Facial
motor innervation of facial muscles; taste, tactile sense of external auditory meatus, lacrimal glands for tears, salivary glands
VIII Vestibulocochlear
auditory and vestibular nerves
IX Glossopharyngeal
somatic sense from posterior one-third of tongue, pharynx, tonsils, etc.
X Vagus
cutaneous sensation, external auditory meatus, sensory info from pharynx, taste sensors of epiglottis
XI Accessory
Anastomoses with X Vagus to form recurrent laryngeal nerve, motor innervation sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
XII Hypoglossal
motor innervation of muscles of the tongue
Cerebrovascualr Accident
a most prominent acquired condition that takes on two forms, ischemic and hemorrhagic
Traumatic Brain Injury
an acquired condition that is mostly caused by motor vehicle accidents
Progressive Degenerative Diseases
continual decline that affects speech, language, cognition, and hearing problems
Amytrophic Lateral Sclerosis
motor neuron disease is characterized by progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons
Parkinson’s disease
progressive neuromotor disease arising from a lesion to the substantia nigra, which supplies dopamine to the basal ganglia control circuitry
Huntington’s Disease
progressive genetic condition causing atrophy of the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia
Myasthenia Gravis
myoneural junction disease that arises from an autoimmune response to the ion channels of the motor neuron
Bell’s Palsy
affects only the VII facial nerve
Spastic Dysarthria
upper motor neuron lesion
Flaccid Dysarthria
lower motor neuron lesion
Ataxic Dysarthria
cerebellum and cerebellar pathway lesion
Hyperkinetic Dysarthria
basal ganglia and extrapyramidal pathway lesion
Hypokinetic Dysarthria
basal ganglia and substantia nigra lesion
Mixed Dysarthria
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis
Broca’s Area Damage
nonfluent speech, halting agrammatical speech
Precentral Gyrus Damage
results in paralysis and apraxia
Damage to Wernicke’s Area
results in a receptive language disorder with relatively intact speech fluency
Somatic Nervous Systerm
motor control and sensory systems
Autonomic Nervous System
excitatory response to stimulus (parasympathetic and sympathetic)
Neurology
study of diseases of the NS
Limbic System
regulates motivational and emotional states
Cerebrum
integrates sensorimotor functions and perception
Basal Ganglia
regulation motor movements and muscle tone
Thalamus
mediates sensation to the cerebral cortex
Cerebellum
regulates coordination of skilled movements
Midbrain
mediates auditory and visual reflexes
Pons
house cranial nerve nuclei
Medulla
regulates respiration, heartbeat, blood pressure yada yada
Meningeal Linings
line cerebrum and central nervous system components
