Audiological Topics 1 Flashcards
What does an audiologist do?
- Identification of HL 2. Assessment and diagnosis of HL 3. Treatment of HL 4. Assessment and treatment of balance function 5. Education 6. Prevention of HL 7. Research
Educational Audiology
Ultimate goal= provide hearing services to children in educational settings
ensure students in the classroom have access to auditory learning experiences
Educational audiologists are part of a school’s _________ team and help students access learning, listening, and communication
multidisciplanory
Pediatric Audiology
Diagnose and treat hearing and balance impairments in children
Pediatric diagnostic testing and hearing aid fittings often look different in children versus adults because …..
children have different auditory needs
Dispensing Audiology
fit and dispense hearing aids as well as provide counseling and education to patients and their families
not to be confused with…. non-audiologist hearing aid dispensers
Rehabilitative Audiology
Ultimate goal=provide aural rehabilitation
What is aural rehabilitation?
Is anything done to minimize the effects of hearing loss in a patient’s life
Aural rehabilitation excludes….
diagnostics (hearing tests), but it includes anything else within our scope of practice relating to the treatment/management of hearing loss, vestibular disorders, auditory processing disorder (APD), and tinnitus
Industrial/Conservational Audiology
ultimate goal= hearing conservation
Industrial audiologists ensure that adequate HEARING PROTECTION DEVICES are provided by the employers and used effectively by employee
Roles of industrial audiologists:
Identify….. and measure excessive noise areas
Consult…. in the reduction of noise levels produced by industrial equipment
Monitor….employee hearing function
Educate….. employees/supervisors/managers
Create….. hearing conservation plans that include fitting hearing protection
Vestibular Audiology
focuses on diagnosing and treating vestibular disorders… these audiologists are still qualified to perform all other audiological evaluations/treatments but choose to specialize in vestibular disorders
Tele-audiology
allows patients to access audiologists remotely using technology like video conferencing
This can be beneficial how? patients who have trouble attending an in-person appointment, such as those living in rural areas or patients who are sick with cancer or covid
Professional requirements to become an audiologist
students must earn a … doctoral degree in the field, which usually requires a four-year bachelor’s degree followed by 4 years in an AuD (or PhD) program
Licensure (state)= issued by a government agency and grants an individual the right to practice a given profession
Certification (federal)= provides a different level of consumer protection by assuring that an individual has met rigorous and valid standards endorsed by a national professional body
AuD
a doctoral program that traditionally consists of three years of didactic training followed by a year-long externship
What is sound?
sound is the disturbance of molecules. molecules collide with one another when set into motion, creating a sound wave
A sound wave is composed of ____ and _____.
rarefaction and compression
A compression is…
when molecules are closest together
A rarefaction is…..
when molecules are farthest apart
Sound waves are called _______ waves, meaning they move back and forth in one direction.
longitudinal
The speed and distance wave are affected by:
- elasticity of the medium
- mass
- stiffness
Sound travels at a rate of….
343 meters/sec or 740 mph
Generally, the denser or stiffer the material of a medium, the _____ the sound travels.
faster
The components of sound:
- Frequency
- Amplitude
- Phase
Frequency is referred to as
pitch
Amplitude is referred to as
loudness
Phase is referred to as
timing
The higher the frequency the _____ the number of oscillations
greater
High-frequency sounds are described as _____ while low-frequency is described as ____
treble or bright; bass or warm
Cycle
one complete series of compressions and rarefactions
Period
time that it takes for a cycle to occur
Phase
particular point of the sound at a particular time
Amplitude
magnitude or degree of the pressure variations (compressions and rarefactions). The magnitude of molecule displacement. This is perceived as the loudness of sound.
To find frequency you….
divide cycles per second
To find period you….
divide one over the frequency
To find wavelength you…..
divide 343m/s over frequency (Hz) the answer will have m as a metric unit
What is the frequency of 100 cycles in 1 sec?
100 Hz
What would the period be of 1000 Hz?
1/1000
What is wavelength?
the measurement from one point on a wave to that same point on the next cycle of a wave; trough to trough, crest to crest
What is phase?
a particular part of the sound wave at a particular time. we usually use phase as a relative term when comparing 2 or more sound waves
out of phase:
180 degrees out of phase so they cancel out
in phase:
0 degrees out of phase and amplitude is equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the two waves combined
What is the wavelength of a sound wave with a frequency of 1000 Hz traveling through air at a speed of 343 m/s?
343m/s/1000 Hz = .343 meters
Frequency is…
the amt of cycles per second
Educational Audiology
Pediatric Audiology
Tele-audiology
Dispensing Audiology
Industrial Audiology
Rehabilitative Audiology
Vestibular Audiology
E-focuses on providing hearing services to children in the educational setting
P- these audiologists diagnose and treat children with hearing and balance impairments
T- allows patients to access audiologists remotely using technology, which can help patients who cannot access audiologists in person (covid. cancer, lives in rural places)
D- on top of diagnosing and treating HLs they can fit and dispense hearing aids as well
R- provides aural rehabilitation, excludes diagnostics, minimizes the effects of HL in a patient’s life
I- conserve hearing, and make sure to educate and provide hearing protection services
V- a specialty that focuses on diagnosing and treating vestibular disorders
Wavelength
the measurement of one point of a wave to that same point of a wave on the next cycle of a wave
Amplitude
the magnitude or degree of the pressure variations
Frequency
the amt of cycles per second, to find divide the frequency over time
Period
the time for a cycle to occur; 1 over frequency
Phase
a particular part of the sound at a particular time
