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101 LEC > TEST 5 > Flashcards

TEST 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Goals of nursing research are

A

To find solutions
Improve care
For policy and education development
Provide evidence-based nursing practice

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2
Q

What is Quantitative vs Qualitative research?

A

Quantitative - NUMBERS/STATISTICS
Qualitative - Feelings, perception, asking for input

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3
Q

What is evidence-based practice?

A

Problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions

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4
Q

What are the steps in EBP?

A
  1. Ask Q about clincal area of interest or intervention
  2. Collect best evidence
  3. Analyze evidence
  4. Put evidence into a practice change
  5. Evaluate the practice change
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4
Q

What are the steps in EBP?

A
  1. Ask Q about clincal area of interest or intervention
  2. Collect best evidence
  3. Analyze evidence
  4. Put evidence into a practice change
  5. Evaluate the practice change
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5
Q

What is PICO? PICOT

A

P - patient, population or problem of interest?
I - intervention of interest?
C - Comparison of interest (What are we currently doing right now)
0 - What is the expected outcome of interest?
T - TIME, when do you expect

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6
Q

What are the 4 main concepts in nursing theory?

A

Individual/person
Environment
health
nursing

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7
Q

Who/what was Florence Nightingale

A

First nursing theorist
Promotion of health
Investigates impact of environment and cleanliness on healing
guided practice of professional nursing

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8
Q

Who/What was Dorothea Orem?

A

Theory of self-care deficit
Goal to restore patients self-care capability
When there is a self care deficit then nursing steps in

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9
Q

Who/what is Sister Callista Roy

A

Adaptation model
When people experience a change in health status they need to adapt - nurse helps them adapt
IE. Newly diagnosed diabetic

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10
Q

Who/what is Imogene King?

A

Theory of goal attainment
NUrse and patient must mutually set goals to meet health

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11
Q

What are the stages of infection?

A

Incubation - microorganisms are starting to grow
Prodromal - early signs and symptoms/most contagious
Full stage illness
Convalescent - recovery

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12
Q

What are the stages of inflammation?

A

Recognition - macrophages that encounter pathogens/damage
Recruitment - WBC, histamine, draw water into tissues
Removal - macrophages phagocytosis bacteria
Repair - growth factor

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13
Q

What are the steps in immune response?

A

Recognize - by antigens
Flag - with antibodies = clump up
Engulf - phagocytosis
Remember -

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14
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

Is a healthcare-associated infection - HAI

Developed infection in the hospital

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15
Q

Exogenous infection
Endogenous infection
Latrogenic infection

A

Exogenous infection - got it from someone else
Endogenous infection - developed within themselves/c diff/ persons own bacteria
Latrogenic infection - developed from a procedure

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16
Q

How to put on PPE?

A

Gown
Mask
Goggles
Gloves

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17
Q

How to take off PPE?

A

Gloves
Goggles
Gown
Mask

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18
Q

Standard precautions

A

everyone gets

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19
Q

Who gets airborne precautions and what do you wear?

A

TB patients
N95 mask

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20
Q

What do you wear for droplet precautions?

A

Mask

21
Q

What are contact precautions?

A

gloves

22
Q

Cultural diversities include

A

Religion
Physical size, age, gender
Sexual orientation
Disability
Socioeconomic and occupational status
Geographical location

23
Q

Race

A

Typically based on specific physical characteristics such as skin, body stature, facial features and hair

24
Q

Ethnicity

A

Sense of identification with a collective cultural group, largely based on groups heritage

25
Q

Cultural assimilation

A

Loss the charateristics that made them different
Values replaced by dominate culture

26
Q

What are the 5 stages of grief?

A

Denial & isolation
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance

27
Q

What are some signs of impending death?

A

Diff talking/swallowing
Nausea, ad distention
Urinary/bowel incontinence
Constipation
Cold/clammy skin
decreased temo
Pulse weak
Cheyne stokes respirations
Restlessness

28
Q

Euthanasia - Active and passive

A

Active - prescribe a med to send their life
Passive - withhold treatment

29
Q

What is self-concept?

A

How a person thinks about him or herself

30
Q

What helps create self-concept?

A

Identity
Body image
Role Performance

31
Q

Self-concept can be based upon?

A

-Perceptions of others towards us
-Personal and professional relationship
-Academic achievement
-Employment
-Ethnic, racial and spiritual identity

32
Q

What is personal identity?

A

Sense of individuality
Distinctness and separate from others
Self-observations
Gender identity

33
Q

When is identity most vulnerable?

A

adolescence

Most risk-taking behavior

34
Q

What is body image?

A

-Attitude about physical appearance
-Strongly influenced by culture and society
-Greatly affect self-esteem

35
Q

What is self esteem?

A

Overall feeling of self-worth

36
Q

When is self esteem highest?

A

Childhood

Drop in adolescense, rise in adulthood and decline with old age

37
Q

What are 3 role performance stressors?

A

Role ambiguity -when you feel unfit for the role / unexpected expectations
Role conflict - multiple roles conflict
Role overload -

38
Q

In what ways can a nurse affect a patient’s self-concept?

A

Positive or Negative
- What we say
-Facial expressions

*Convery interest, acceptance and trust

39
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Healthy, stable and physiological/psychological state

40
Q

what is the general adaptation syndrome? GAS

A

Theory by Hans Selye
Expected reactions to a major stress
-3 stages - Alarm reaction, Stage of resistance, stage of exhaustion

41
Q

What is the Alarm reaction stage?

A

Shock phase - Sympathetic nervous system

Countershock phase - Changes reversed

42
Q

What is the Stage of resistance?

A

Body attempts to cope with stressor

43
Q

What is the stage of exhaustion?

A

adaptation during previous stage cant be maintained -

Body no longer resist and energy is depleted

Body unable to defend itself

death may result

44
Q

What are defense mechanisms?

A

-Denial
-Displacement - taking anger out on others. ex wife
-Introjection - internalize voice of others. “boys don’t cry”
-Projection - blaming others
-Dissociation - disconnection from events / daydreaming
-Repression - blocking things that are undesirable

45
Q

What are physical effects of stress?

A

Rapid pulse
Rapid, shallow breathing
Sweaty palms
Shakiness/tremors
Increased BP
Frequent urination

46
Q

What are psychological effects of stress?

A

Confusion
anxiety
irritabiltiy
restlessness
depression

47
Q

What is faith?

A

Belief in something, even if there is no evidence

48
Q

What is an Atheist?

A

a person who disbelieves or lacks belief in the existence of God or gods.

49
Q

What is an agnostic?

A

a person who claims neither faith nor disbelief in God.

50
Q

What is religion?

A

System of practices associated with a particular denomination

101 LEC (15 decks)

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