Chapter 23

Question 1

ageism

Answer 1

attitudes that stereotype older adults

Question 2

Alzheimer’s disease (AD)

Answer 2

type of dementia in which discrete patches of brain tissue deteriorat, eventually affects all body functions

Question 3

Cascade iatrogensis

Answer 3

downward spiral triggered by medical or surgical intervention during hospitalization of an older adult

Question 4

delirium

Answer 4

a temporary state of confusion

Question 5

dementia

Answer 5

organic impairment of intellectual functioning

Question 6

elder abuse

Answer 6

intentional act by a caregiver that causes harm to elderly

Question 7

gerontologic nursing

Answer 7

nursing speciality centered around caring for an older adult

Question 8

gerontology

Answer 8

study of all aspects of the aging process and their consequences

Question 9

gerotranscendence

Answer 9

transformation of an older adults view of reality from rational, social, materialistic focus to a mature, wisdom, spiritual focus.

Decreased focus on superficial relationships

Question 10

What ages are middle adult and older adult

Answer 10

Middle - 40-60
older - 65 and above

Question 11

Polypharmacy

Answer 11

use of many medications at same time

Question 12

reminiscence

Answer 12

period of chronic disease is present but no symptoms

Question 13

Sarcopenia

Answer 13

loss of muscle mass in older adults as part of natural aging

Question 14

sundowning syndrome

Answer 14

the phenomenon when a person habitually becomes confused or disoriented with darkness

Question 15

What is the genetic theory?

Answer 15

That all cell death is genetically preprogramed

Question 16

What is the stochastic theorys of aging?

Answer 16

randomness to cellular damage
-Wear and tear
-Crosslinking
-free radical theory - oxidative stress

Question 17

What happens during menopause?

Answer 17

-decreased ovarian function
-depletion of estrogen & progesterone
-Periods stop, hot flashes, mood s-swings
-Loss of estrogen increases risk for osteoporosis & heart disease

Question 18

What happens during andropause?

Answer 18

Androgen levels decrease

Question 19

What are some physical changes that happen to adults in middle years?

Answer 19

Fat is redistributed to middle area
Skin drier & wrinkles & gray hair
Cardiac output decreases
Decreased muscles
Loss of calcium from bones
Fatique increases
loss of hearing, sight
hormone production decreases

Question 20

Eriksons theory

Answer 20

Establish and guide the next gen, adjust to aging parents, reevaluate goals

Question 21

Havighursts theory

Answer 21

learned behaviors from maturation, personal motives and values, civil duty

Question 22

Levinsons theory

Answer 22

midlife transition

Question 23

Gould theory

Answer 23

35-43 when adults look inward
43-50 when adults accept & have special interests
50-60 increased satisfaction, value spouse, concerned with health

Question 24

What are the ages of
young-old
middle - old
old - old

Answer 24

young-old 60-74
middle - old 75-84
old - old 85 and above

Question 25

When should one get a
Physical exam
Breast exam
Pap smear/cervical cancer

Answer 25

Physical exam - every 3 yrs until 40, then yearly
Breast exam - 45 yearly, then 55+ every 2 years
Pap smear/cervical cancer - 21-29 every 3 years, 30 - 65 every 5 years

Question 26

When should one get a
Prostate exam
testicular cancer screening
colorectal cancer screening

Answer 26

Prostate exam - 50 years old, yearly
testicular cancer screening - part of physical
colorectal cancer screening - yrly, colonoscopy every 10 yrs

Question 27

When should one get a
Skin cancer
Oral cancer
Bone density test?

Answer 27

Skin cancer - part of physcial
Oral cancer - yearly
Bone density - woman 65+, men 70+ unless risk factors, factors or height loss

Question 28

What is PACE program?

Answer 28

Program of All-inclusive Care for Elderly
Medicare/Medicaid funded
Age 55 and older & qualify
Recieve support to live in the community

Question 29

What is the NORCS prgram?
Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities

Answer 29

Federally or Locally funded
Structured geographically to help seniors age in place

Question 30

What is the REACH program?
Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health

Answer 30

CDC develoepd Community based, culturally appropriate to reduce health disparities, improve health among African Americans, hispanic

Question 31

Nursing care for older adults should be based on 2 principles?

Answer 31

Most older adults are not impaired - they are functional members of community

Older adults are more vulnerable to physical, emotional, socioeconomic problems

Question 32

What are the 3 D’s for aging adults?

Answer 32

Dementia
Delirium
Depression

Question 33

What does S.P.I.C.E.S stand for?

Answer 33

S - Sleep disorders
P - Problems with eating
I - Incontinence
C - Confusion
E - Evidence of falls
S - Skin breakdown

Question 34

What are the 6 key risk factors for delirum?

Answer 34

Cognitive impairment
Sleep deprivation
Immobility
Visual/Hearing impairment
Dehydration

Question 34

What are the 6 key risk factors for delirum?

Answer 34

Cognitive impairment
Sleep deprivation
Immobility
Visual/Hearing impairment
Dehydration

Question 35

What is the difference between Geriatrics and Gerontology?

Answer 35

Geriatrics - Branch of medicine that focuses on health and disease later in life
Gerontology - Scientific study of the effects of aging and age-related diseases