Test 5

Question 1

A semiconductor is a material that can exhibit properties of both an insulator and a conductor.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

An n-type semiconductor is a semiconductor that has electron voids.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A photoelectrochemically cell uses semiconductors to produce electricity from light.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Short-circuit voltage is the maximum voltage on an I-V curve.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Cells with higher efficiencies require less surface area to produce each watt of power, which saves some costs for raw materials, mounting structures, and other equipment.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Short-circuit current is associated with zero load resistance and open-circuit voltage is associate with infinite load resistance.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Some amount of series resistance in a PV system is unavoidable because all conductors and connectors have some resistance.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

For most PV devices, a high operating temperature significantly increases voltage.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

The maximum number of modules that may be connected in a series string is limited, in part, by the maximum system voltage rating of the modules and other components.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Breakdown voltage is the minimum reverse-bias voltage that results in a rapid increase in current through an electronic device.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

____ is the process of adding small amounts of impurity elements to semiconductors to alter their electrical properties.

Answer 11

Doping

Question 12

A(n) ____ is a unit of electromagnetic radiation.

Answer 12

photon

Question 13

A ____ is a thin, flat disk or rectangle of base semiconductor material.

Answer 13

wafer

Question 14

A(n) ____ curve is the graphic representation of all possible voltage and current operating points for a PV device at a specific operating condition.

Answer 14

I-V

Question 15

The ____ point is the operating point on an I-V curve where the product of current and voltage is at maximum.

Answer 15

maximum power

Question 16

____ is the ratio of maximum power to the product of the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current.

Answer 16

Fill factor

Question 17

The temperature-rise coefficient is the coefficient for estimating the rise in cell temperature above ambient temperature due to ____.

Answer 17

solar irradiance

Question 18

A(n) ____ is a PV device consisting of a number of individual cells connected electrically, laminated, encapsulated, and packaged into a frame.

Answer 18

module

Question 19

____ is the condition of a device operating at negative voltage.

Answer 19

Reverse bias

Question 20

Standard test conditions (STC) rates module performance at a solar irradiance of ____ W/m².

Answer 20

1000

Question 21

A(n) _____ cell is a semiconductor device that converts solar radiation into direct current electricity.

Answer 21

photovoltaic or PV

Question 22

A(n) ____ cell is a cell that maximizes efficiency by using layers of individual cells that each respond to different wavelengths of solar energy.

Answer 22

multijunction

Question 23

A(n) ____ wafer is a silicon wafer made by drawing a thin strip from a molten silicon mixture.

Answer 23

ribbon

Question 24

Using in-line or clamp-on ____ are two methods of measuring short-circuit current.

Answer 24

ammeters

Question 25

____ is the ratio of the power output to power input.

Answer 25

Efficiency

Question 26

Changes in solar ____ have a small effect on voltage but a significant effect on the current output of PV devices.

Answer 26

irradiance

Question 27

PV devices are first connected in series to achieve a desired voltage, forming a ____.

Answer 27

string

Question 28

____ is a method of protecting PV cell laminates by sealing them between a rigid backing material and a glass cover.

Answer 28

Encapsulation

Question 29

A(n) ____ box on the back of a module provides a protected location for electrical connections and diodes.

Answer 29

junction

Question 30

A(n) ____ diode is a diode used to pass current around, rather than through, a group of PV cells.

Answer 30

bypass