Test 4

Question 1

The primary component common to all PV systems is the PV array.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Energy storage systems are characterized by the form of energy they store and how the energy is utilized or converted into other forms.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Batteries in a PV system are charged by the loads and discharged by the array.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A rectifier is a device that converts AC power into DC power.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Most residential and commercial loads are DC loads.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Standby engine generators are designed to operate continually as a primary source of power.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Diesel engines are well suited for constant loads, whereas gasoline engines can respond quickly to changing loads.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

A micro-hydroelectric turbine is a device that produces electricity from the flow and pressure of water.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Direct-coupled systems include the fewest components, but can be the most complex PV systems to design properly due to the lack of energy storage or system control.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

A hybrid system is a PV system that can operate in either utility-interactive or stand-alone mode, and uses battery storage.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

A battery ____ is a group of batteries connected together with series and parallel connections to provide a specific voltage and capacity.

Answer 11

bank

Question 12

____ store energy in an electrical field developed by two oppositely charged parallel conductive plates separated by a dielectric (insulating) material.

Answer 12

capacitors

Question 13

A(n) ____ is a device that converts DC power into AC power.

Answer 13

inverter

Question 14

A ____ is a device that converts DC power from one voltage to another.

Answer 14

DC-DC converter

Question 15

The voltage and current output from an array can vary with ____.

Answer 15

temperature, irradiance, and load. (all of the above)

Question 16

A ____ is a device that converts mechanical energy into electricity by means of electromagnetic induction.

Answer 16

generator

Question 17

A(n) ____ turbine is a device that compresses and burns a fuel-air mixture, which expands and spins a turbine.

Answer 17

gas

Question 18

A(n) ____ switch allows an electrical system to be switched from a primary power source to an alternate power source in order to keep critical loads operating.

Answer 18

transfer

Question 19

A ____ cell is an electrochemical device that uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce DC electricity, with water and heat as byproducts.

Answer 19

fuel

Question 20

A PV system that operates in parallel with and is connected to the electric utility grid is called a(n) ____ PV system.

Answer 20

utility-interactive, grid-connected, and interactive (all of the above)

Question 21

Batteries convert electrical energy into ____ energy when harging and vice versa when discharging.

Answer 21

chemical

Question 22

____ are large, spinning rotors and are commonly used to transfer power from motor and engines to pumps and other rotational loads.

Answer 22

Flywheels

Question 23

Capacitance is the ability to store and electrical charge and is measured in units called ____.

Answer 23

farads

Question 24

A(n) ____ is device that regulates battery charge by controlling the charging voltage and/or current from a DC power source, such as a PV array.

Answer 24

charge controller

Question 25

An electrical ____ is any type of device, equipment, or appliance that consumes electrical power.

Answer 25

load

Question 26

A(n) ____ is a bladed shaft that converts fluid flow into rotating mechanical energy.

Answer 26

turbine

Question 27

A(n) ____ is an electrochemical device that uses electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.

Answer 27

electrolyzer

Question 28

A(n) ____ PV system is a type of stand-alone system where the output of a PV module or array is directly connected to a DC load.

Answer 28

direct-coupled

Question 29

____ is a metering arrangement where any excess energy exported to the utility is subtracted from the amount of energy imported from it.

Answer 29

net metering

Question 30

____ is the undesirable condition where an interactive inverter continues to supply power to the utility grid during a utility outage.

Answer 30

islanding