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EMT-P (PAR 212-PHARMACOLOGY) > TEST 4 PREP > Flashcards

TEST 4 PREP Flashcards

1
Q

atropine indications

A

bradycardia, organophosphate poisoning, nerve agent exposure, RSI, beta blocker or calcium channel blocker overdose

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2
Q

atropine contraindications

A

tachycardia, hypersensitivity, unstable hemorrhage with myocardial ischemia, glaucoma, hypothermic bradycardia

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3
Q

atropine onset/duration of action

A

immediate/2-6 hours

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4
Q

atropine administration route

A

IV/IO

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5
Q

atropine side effects

A

drowsiness, confusion, headache, tachycardia, palpations, dysrhythmias, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth

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6
Q

adenosine indications

A

conversion of PSVT to sinus rhythm

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7
Q

adenosine contraindications

A

second/third degree AV block, sick sinus syndrome, asthma, COPD, poison/drug induced tachycardia

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8
Q

adenosine onset/duration of action

A

seconds/12 seconds

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9
Q

adenosine administration route

A

IV

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10
Q

adenosine side effects

A

headache, dizziness, dyspnea, bronschospasm, dysrhythmias

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11
Q

albuterol indications

A

treatment of bronchospasm for COPD/asthma, prevents exercise induced bronchospasm

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12
Q

albuterol contraindications

A

known hypersensitivity, tachycardia and dysrhythmias

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13
Q

albuterol onset/duration of action

A

5-15 min/3-4 hours

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14
Q

albuterol administration route

A

inhalation via nebulizer

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15
Q

albuterol side effects

A

headache, fatigue, lightheadedness, irritability, restlessness, hypertension, tachycardia, chest pain, nausea/vomiting

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16
Q

calcium chloride indications

A

hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, beta blocker and calcium channel blocker toxicity

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17
Q

calcium chloride contraindications

A

hypercalcemia, v-fib, digitalis toxcicity

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18
Q

calcium chloride onset/duration

A

1-3 minutes/20-30 min up to 4 hours

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19
Q

calcium chloride administration route

A

IV

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20
Q

calcium chloride side effects

A

syncope, cardiac arrest, dysrhythmia, bradycardia, hypotension, systole, peripheral vasodilation

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21
Q

diazepam indications

A

anxiety, agitation, alcohol withdrawal, muscle relaxation, seizure, sedation

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22
Q

diazepam contraindications

A

hypersensitivity, glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, respiratory insufficiency, coma, head injury

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23
Q

diazepam onset/duration

A

1-5 min/20-50 min

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24
Q

diazepam administration route

A

IV/Rectum

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25
Q

diazepam side effects

A

dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, headache, respiratory depression, hypotension, reflex tachycardia, n/v, muscle weakness

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26
Q

diphenhydramine indications

A

allergies/anaphylaxis

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27
Q

diphenhydramine contraindications

A

asthma, glaucoma, pregnancy, hypertension, infants,

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28
Q

diphenhydramine onset/duration

A

15-30 min/3-12 hours

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29
Q

diphenhydramine route administration

A

IM, IV, PO

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30
Q

diphenhydramine side effects

A

drowsiness, sedation, seizures, dizziness, headache, blurred vision, wheezing, palpitations, hypotension, dry mouth, N/V/D

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31
Q

diltiazam indications

A

a-fib, atrial flutter, re-entry supra ventricular tachycardia

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32
Q

diltiazam contraindications

A

hypotension, sick sinus syndrome, 2/3 degree AV block, cariogenic shock, tachycardia

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33
Q

diltiazam onset/duration

A

2-5 min/1-3 hours

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34
Q

diltiazam administration route

A

IV

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35
Q

diltiazam side effects

A

dizziness, weakness, headache, dyspnea, cough, dysrhythmias, CHF, peripheral edema, bradycardia, hypotension, v-fib, v-tach, cardiac arrest

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36
Q

dopamine indications

A

cardiogenic/septic shock, hypotension with low cardiac output state, distributive shock, used as second line drug for bradycardia

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37
Q

dopamine contraindications

A

hypovolemic shock, pheochromocytoma, tachydysrhythmias, v-fib

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38
Q

dopamine onset/duration

A

1-4 min/cease after infusion disconnected

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39
Q

dopamine route of administration

A

IV/IO

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40
Q

dopamine side effects

A

headache, anxiety, dyspnea, dysrhythmias, hypotension, hypertension, palpitations, chest pain, myocardial oxygen demand

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41
Q

epinephrine indications

A

cardiac arrest, symptomatic bradycardia, hypotension, allergic reaction, anaphylaxis, asthma

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42
Q

epinephrine contraindications

A

hypertension, hypothermia, pulmonary edema, myocardial ischemia, hypovolemic shock

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43
Q

epinephrine onset/duration

A

immediate/several minutes

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44
Q

epinephrine route administration

A

IV/IO, IM, Epi-pen

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45
Q

epinephrine side effects

A

nervousness, restlessness, headache, tremor, pulmonary edema, dysrhythmias, chest pain, hypertension, tachycardia, nausea/vomiting

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46
Q

etomidate indications

A

premedication for tracheal intubation or cardioversion

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47
Q

etomidate contraindications

A

hypersensitivity, labor/delivery

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48
Q

etomidate onset/duration

A

<1 minute/5-10 minutes

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49
Q

etomidate route administration

50
Q

etomidate side effects

A

apnea, respiratory depression, hypoventilation, hyperventilation, dysrhythmias, hypotension, hypertension, N/V, fasciculations

51
Q

fentanyl indications

A

pain management, anesthesia adjunct

52
Q

fentanyl contraindications

A

hypersensitivity, use with caution in TBI

53
Q

fentanyl onset/duration

A

1-3 minutes/30-60 minutes

54
Q

fentanyl route administration

A

IM, IV, IO

55
Q

fentanyl side effects

A

confusion, paradoxical excitation, delirium, drowsiness,

56
Q

glucagon indication

A

ALOC when hypoglycemia is suspected, can be used as a reversal agent in beta blocker and calcium channel blocker overdoses

57
Q

glucagon contraindication

A

hyperglycemia, hypersensitivity

58
Q

glucagon onset/duration

A

1 min/60-90 min

59
Q

glucagon route administration

60
Q

glucagon side effects

A

dizziness, headache, hypertension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, rebound hypoglycemia

61
Q

furosemide indication

A

CHF, pulmonary edema, hypertensive crisis

62
Q

furosemide contraindication

A

hypovolemia, anuria, hypotensive, hypertensivity, hepatic coma, electrolyte imbalances

63
Q

furosemide onset/duration

A

5 min/4-6 hours

64
Q

furosemide route administration

65
Q

furosemide side effects

A

dizziness, headache, weakness, hypotension, dysrhythmias, N/V/D, dry mouth, hypovolemia, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia

66
Q

ipratropium indication

A

persistent bronchospasm, COPD exacerbation

67
Q

ipratropium contraindication

A

hypersensitivity, atropine, alkaloids, peanuts

68
Q

ipratropium onset/duration

A

1-3 minutes/4-6 hours

69
Q

ipratropium route administration

A

inhalation via nebulizer

70
Q

ipratropium side effects

A

headache, dizziness, nervousness, fatigue, tremor, blurred vision, cough, dyspnea, COPD, tachycardia, palpitations, flushing, MI, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, GI distress

71
Q

lidocaine indications

A

cardiac arrest, v-fib, tachycardia with baseline QT intervals, stable monomorphic VT with preserved ventricular function

72
Q

lidocaine contraindications

A

hypersensitivity, 2/3 degree AV block w/o pacemaker, stokes-adams syndrome, prophylaxis, ventricular escape beats with bradycardia

73
Q

lidocaine onset/duration

A

1-5 min/15 min-2 hours

74
Q

lidocaine route of administration

75
Q

lidocaine side effects

A

anxiety, drowsiness, confusion, seizures, slurred speech, respiratory arrest, hypotension, bradycardia, dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest, AV block, N/V

76
Q

lorazepam indications

A

initial control of status epilepticus, seizures, severe anxiety, sedation

77
Q

lorazepam contraindications

A

acute narrow glaucoma, coma, shock, drug abuse

78
Q

lorazepam onset/duration

A

1-5 min/6-8 hours

79
Q

lorazepam route of administration

A

IV, IM, IO

80
Q

lorazepam side effects

A

dizziness, drowsiness, CNS depression, headache, sedation, respiratory depression, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia

81
Q

magnesium sulfate indications

A

seizures of eclampsia, torsades de pointes, hypomagnesemia, v-fib, life threatening dysrhythmias

82
Q

magnesium sulfate contraindications

A

heart block, myocardial damage

83
Q

magnesium sulfate onset/duration

A

immediate/30 minutes

84
Q

magnesium sulfate route of administration

85
Q

magnesium sulfate side effects

A

drowsiness, CNS depression, respiratory depression, respiratory tract paralysis, abnormal ECG, AV block, hypotension, vasodilation, hyporeflexia

86
Q

midazolam indications

A

sedation for medical problems like intubation, ventilated patients, cardioversion

87
Q

midazolam contraindications

A

acute narrow-angle glaucoma, shock, coma, alcohol intoxication, overdose, depressed vital signs

88
Q

midazolam onset/duration

A

1-3 min/2-6 hours

89
Q

midazolam administration route

90
Q

midazolam side effects

A

headache, somnolence, respiratory depression, respiratory arrest, apnea, hypotension, cardiac arrest, N/V

91
Q

morphine indications

A

severe CHF, acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema, chest pain, analgesia

92
Q

morphine contraindications

A

head injury, COPD, depressed respiratory drive, hypotension, undiagnosed abdominal pain, decreased LOC, suspected hypovolemia, MAOIs within 14 days

93
Q

morphine onset/duration

A

immediate/2-7 hours

94
Q

morphine administration route

95
Q

morphine side effects

A

confusion, sedation, headache, CNS depression, respiratory depression, apnea, bronchospasm, dyspnea, hypotension, syncope, bradycardia, tachycardia, N/V

96
Q

nitroglycerin indications

A

acute angina pectoris, ischemic chest pain, hypertension, CHF, pulmonary edema

97
Q

nitroglycerin contraindications

A

hypotension, hypovolemia, intracranial bleeding, pericardial tamponade, bradycardia, tachycardia

98
Q

nitroglycerin onset/duration

A

1-3 min/1-10 min

99
Q

nitroglycerin administration route

A

tablet, intranasal, sublingual, IV

100
Q

nitroglycerin side effects

A

headache, dizziness, weakness, reflex tachycardia, syncope, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, diaphoresis, muscle twitching

101
Q

ondansetron indications

A

for nausea, vomiting. For chemotherapy, surgical procedures

102
Q

ondansetron contraindications

A

allergies, receptor antagonists

103
Q

ondansetron onset/duration

A

30 min/3-6 hours

104
Q

ondansetron administration route

105
Q

ondansetron side effects

A

headache, malaise, wheezing, bronchospasm, a-fib, abnormal ECG, prolonged QT interval, ST segment depression, second degree AV block, constipation, diarrhea, hives, skin rash

106
Q

succinylcholine indications

A

rapid sequence intubation

107
Q

succinylcholine contraindications

A

acute narrow glaucoma, penetrating eye injury, malignant hyperthermia

108
Q

succinylcholine onset/duration

A

1 min/5-10 min

109
Q

succinylcholine administration route

110
Q

succinylcholine side effects

A

Apnea, respiratory depression, bradydysrhythmia, tachydysrhythmia, dysrhythmia, cardiac arrest, salivation, prolonged muscle rigidity, rhabdomyolysis, malignant hyperthermia, increased intraocular pressure, hyperkalemia

111
Q

thiamine indications

A

Coma of unknown origin, delirium tremens, beri-beri, Wernicke encephalopathy

112
Q

thiamine contraindications

113
Q

thiamine onset/duration

A

rapid/variable

114
Q

thiamine administration route

115
Q

thiamine side effects

A

Anxiety, dyspnea, respiratory

failure, vasodilation, hypotension, nausea, vomiting

116
Q

vecuronium indications

A

Rapid-sequence intubation

117
Q

vecuronium contraindications

A

Acute narrow-angle glaucoma, penetrating eye injuries, inability to control airway or support ventilations with oxygen and positive pressure, newborns, myasthenia gra- vis, hepatic or renal failure

118
Q

vecuronium onset/duration

A

1-3 min/45-90 min

119
Q

vecuronium administration route

120
Q

vecuronium side effects

A

Weakness, prolonged neuro- muscular block, bronchospasm, apnea, dysrhythmias, brady- cardia, tachycardia, PVCs, transient hypotension, cardiac arrest, excessive salivation

EMT-P (PAR 212-PHARMACOLOGY) (14 decks)

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