Test 4: 60-62 plant pictures Flashcards

Question 1

Q

Answer

A

acer

FAMILY: Aceraceae—the Maple Family

POISONOUS PARTS: The leaves are responsible for livestock poisoning. Apparently only wilted leaves are toxic, with toxicity remaining in the leaves for about a month.

SYMPTOMS: Within 18 to 24 hours after consumption of red maple leaves horses begin to show yellow or brown discoloration of the mucous membranes, especially gums and eyelids, urine becomes dark red to brown, and animals become febrile (102.0-103.5°). About 50% of the horses that consume red maple leaves are affected. As many as 64% of those affected die, usually from methemoglobinemia, a destruction of hemoglobin in the blood.

TREATMENT: The best treatment is prevention. Do not graze animals in areas where red maples occur. Do not pile branches or leaves in places where stock can reach them. When removing a red maple tree from an area frequented by horses, do it in the winter when the leaves are absent.

Question 2

Q

what animals are affected by acer

Answer

A

horses and ponies red maple leaves

acer= maple

wilted leaves are toxic

SYMPTOMS: Within 18 to 24 hours, yellow or brown discoloration of the mucous membranes, especially gums and eyelids, urine becomes dark red to brown, and animals become febrile (102.0-103.5°). 50% of horses affected, 64% can die, usually from methemoglobinemia, a destruction of hemoglobin in the blood.

Question 3

Q

what plants are allium

Answer

A

onions, chives, wild onion, wild garlic

Question 4

Q

what parts of allium are toxic

Answer

A

all parts

allium: onions, chives, wild onion, wild garlic

Question 5

Q

symptoms of allium toxicity

Answer

A

Toxicosis includes vomiting; purging; weak, quick pulse; gastrointestinal irritation; burning pain in mouth, throat, and stomach; and kidney and respiratory failure.

onions, chives, wild onion, wild garlic

Question 6

Q

amaranthus are

Answer

A

pigweed, redroot

Question 7

Q

toxic part of amaranthus

Question 8

Q

symptoms of amaranthus

Answer

A

Losses have occurred to livestock, especially sheep. Cattle and horses are relatively resistant. Postmortem: gross lesions: perirenal edema(pigs, growing calves) possibly containing blood, affected kidneys pale yet normal in size; rectal and abdominal wall edema; distended pleural and peritoneal cavities caused by straw-colored fluid; kidneys may have ecchymotic hemorrhages in the cortex. Histological lesions: interstitialedema in renal cortex, tubular nephrosis, necrosis and dilation of the convoluted and collecting tubules with proteincasts. Hydrothorax and hydroperitoneum is more pronounced in calves. In ruminants methemoglobinemia may appear. Blood and body tissue appear chocolate brown. Nitrite and ammonia ions may cause the stomach mucosal surface to be congested.

pigweed, redroot

Question 9

Q

asclepias is

Answer

A

milk weed

Question 10

Q

toxic part of asclepias

Answer

A

entire plant

milk weed

Question 11

Q

symptoms of asclepias

Answer

A

Toxicosis includes depression, weakness, staggering, tetanic seizures, elevated temperature, respiratory difficulties, dilated pupils, coma, and death.

Postmortem: gross lesions: congestion of lungs, liver, and kidneys; acute catarrhal gastroenteritis; terminal dilitation of the heart ventricles; signs of central nervous system involvement, and atonic crop and gizzard in fowl;

histological lesions: some cellular degeneration, especially of the kidney, may be apparent.

milkweed