Test 4: 60-62 glossary Flashcards
Only one leaf arising at a node
alternate
Normally living only one year. Winter annuals germinate in the autumn and mature and die the next spring or summer.
annual
The pollen-bearing part of a stamen.
anther
Arising from the stem at or below the ground surface only
basal
A fleshy fruit having numerous seeds embedded in the flesh (tomato, Solanum, Phytolacca).
berry
Normally living two years.
biennial
Many flowers have both the male and female parts (stamens and pistil). They are also called “perfect flowers.”
bisexual
The expanded, broad, flat and green portion of the leaf. Also known as a lamina.
blade
A reduced (smaller than normal sized) leaf at the base of a flower-stalk. If the flower-stalk is short or absent the bract or bracts may be at the base of a flower and resemble sepals
bract
A dry, many-seeded fruit derived from more than one carpel, splitting open at maturity. Capsules often have several chambers (Ricinus, Agrostemma).
capsule
A simple pistil or a single member of a compound pistil; regarded as a modified leaf.
carpel
Of or pertaining to the stem. Cauline leaves are those borne on the stems above the soil surface.
Cauline
A leaf in which the blade is composed of separate parts, each part called a leaflet. Decompound means more than once compound.
Compound leaf
Flowers unisexual but with only one sex per individual plant.
Dioecious Plant
A — houses the important reproductive parts of the plant.
flower
A dry fruit derived from only one carpel which splits open on one side at maturity
Follicles have one chamber and many seeds (Asclepias, Apocynum)
Without hairs on the surface.
Glabrous
With soft tissues that collapse soon after death.
Herbaceous
The part of a plant stem between two of the nodes from which leaves emerge.
internode
The expanded, broad, flat and green portion of the leaf. Also known as a blade.
Lamina
The fruit of members of the family Leguminosae. One chambered, normally splitting on both edges, enclosing a row of seeds (garden peas and beans, Cassia, Robinia). Also known as a pod.
legume
A portion of the cork layer in the bark of stems where the cells are loose, allowing exchange of gases. Usually they are raised and they may be a different color from the rest of the bark.
Lenticel
flowers unisexual but with both kinds of flowers on one individual plant.
Monoecious plant
Two leaves arising at a node
Opposite
The enlarged lower part of the pistil, enclosing the ovules or young seeds
ovary
Immature seeds, waiting to be fertilized.
ovules
Arranged like the fingers arising from the palm of the hand, with the several parts all attached to one point.
Palmate
Loose, diversely branching flower cluster.
panicle
Having a petiole or leafstalk; stalked leaves. The contrasting condition is called sessile.
Petiolate
The stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem; the leafstalk. The — is the transition between the stem and the leaf blade.
petiole
Arranged like a feather, with the parts arising along a central axis
pinnate
The female part of the flower, and it’s actually made up of several parts, usually arranged in the shape of a bottle.
pistil
With hairs. There are various kinds of pubescence, differing in the stiffness, length, and density of the hairs (villous, hirsute, hispid, tomentose, etc.)
pubescent
A horizontal underground stem. — produce stems above ground at intervals, as in sod-forming grasses, bracken fern, and others.
Rhizomes
The blade is attached directly to the stem; without a petiole or leafstalk (unstalked leaves). The contrasting condition is petiolate.
That part of a pistil which receives the pollen.
Stigma
One of the usually small, paired parts resembling leaves at the base of a leafstalk (petiole) in certain plants, such as roses and beans.
Stipule
A stem, similar to a rhizome, but located on or near the soil surface.
This is also known as a runner.
stolon
A narrow, usually of cylindrical and more or less filiform extension of the ovary, which, when present, bears the stigma at its apex.
style
An elongated twining segment of a leaf or branch, usually supporting the stem.
tendril
More than two leaves arising at a node.
whorled
With hard (lignified) tissues that will retain their shape long after death.
woody
