Test # 4 Flashcards
The anatomical position characterized by all the following except:
palms turned posteriorly
A parasagittal plane is:
any sagittal plane except the median
The anatomical position is used:
as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body
A horizontal section through the body is called:
transverse
A vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior, is called:
frontal
A vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right is called:
sagittal
A tuberosity is defined as a:
large rounded projection, usually roughened
Synchondrosis means:
“with cartilage”
A ramus is defined as a:
armlike bar of bone
Major types of diarthrodial joints are:
plane
hinge
pivot
saddle
The radioulnar joint is an example of a:
syndemosis
A foramen is a:
round or oval opening through bone
A separated shoulder is:
a separated acromial end clavicle from the acromion of the scapula
Axial skeleton contains:
the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage
The appendicular skeleton contains:
pelvis, scapulae, arms, legs, hands, and feet
Only the _____ vertebra does not have a body
atlas
Along with the support, the broad anterior ligament of the vertebral column also acts to:
prevent hyperextension of the spine
A major function of the intervertebral discs is to:
absorb shock
Which of the following is an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column often seen in the thoracic region?
scoliosis
Which part of the vertebral column receives the most stress by bearing most of the weight of the body?
the sacral promontory
Which of the following is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to preserve their center of gravity toward the end of pregnancy?
lordosis
The meniscuses of the knee joint are:
fibrocartilage
The term pollex refers to the:
thumb
The intervertebral discs and the vertebrae make up what kind of joints:
symphysis
Raising one’s arm outward and upward is described as:
abduction of glenohumeral joints
The joints that are your knuckles are called ______ joints and allow for which movements?
metacarpophalangeal; flexion/extension/abduction/adduction
Raising one’s arm forward and upward is described as:
flexion of glenohumeral joint
The joints that make up your wrists are called _____ joints and allow for which movements?
carpometacarpal; flexion/extension/abduction/adduction
Spreading all five fingers is:
abduction of the metacarpophalangeal joints, but extension of the thumb
Sagittal plane
list the movements
Elbow flexion/extension
Ankle dorsi/plantar flexion
Knee flexion/extension
Sit up
Frontal plane
List the movements
Arm abduction
Spreading the fingers
Jumping jacks
Transverse plane
List the movements
Lateral rotation of the shoulder Forearm pronation/supination Trunk twists "no" rotation of the head Turning the foot outwards
Sagittal-horizontal (anteroposterior)
List the movements
Spreading the fingers
Arm abduction
Jumping jacks
Frontal-horizontal (list the movements)
Sit up
Ankle dorsi/plantar flexion
Elbow flexion/extension
Knee flexion/extension
Vertical-longitudinal (list the movements)
Turning the foot outwards Forearm pronation/supination "No" rotation of the head Trunk twists Lateral rotation of the shoulder
Describe the typical construction of the synovial joint (7 pts)
All synovial joints have a joint cavity enclosed by fibrous layer lined with synovial membrane and reinforced by ligaments;
Articulating bone ends covered with articular cartilage;
And synovial fluid in the joint cavity
Describe the composition of the intervertebral discs, and the purpose of their construction (7 pts)
Cushion-like pad composed of two parts.
Nucleus pulposus gives the disc its elasticity and compressibility
Anulus fibrosus limits the expansion of nucleus pulposus when the spine is compressed
Acts as a shock absorber
They allow spine to flex and extend
