Test # 4

Question 1

The anatomical position characterized by all the following except:

Answer 1

palms turned posteriorly

Question 2

A parasagittal plane is:

Answer 2

any sagittal plane except the median

Question 3

The anatomical position is used:

Answer 3

as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body

Question 4

A horizontal section through the body is called:

Answer 4

transverse

Question 5

A vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior, is called:

Answer 5

frontal

Question 6

A vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right is called:

Answer 6

sagittal

Question 7

A tuberosity is defined as a:

Answer 7

large rounded projection, usually roughened

Question 8

Synchondrosis means:

Answer 8

“with cartilage”

Question 9

A ramus is defined as a:

Answer 9

armlike bar of bone

Question 10

Major types of diarthrodial joints are:

Answer 10

plane
hinge
pivot
saddle

Question 11

The radioulnar joint is an example of a:

Answer 11

syndemosis

Question 12

A foramen is a:

Answer 12

round or oval opening through bone

Question 13

A separated shoulder is:

Answer 13

a separated acromial end clavicle from the acromion of the scapula

Question 14

Axial skeleton contains:

Answer 14

the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage

Question 15

The appendicular skeleton contains:

Answer 15

pelvis, scapulae, arms, legs, hands, and feet

Question 16

Only the _____ vertebra does not have a body

Answer 16

atlas

Question 17

Along with the support, the broad anterior ligament of the vertebral column also acts to:

Answer 17

prevent hyperextension of the spine

Question 18

A major function of the intervertebral discs is to:

Answer 18

absorb shock

Question 19

Which of the following is an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column often seen in the thoracic region?

Answer 19

scoliosis

Question 20

Which part of the vertebral column receives the most stress by bearing most of the weight of the body?

Answer 20

the sacral promontory

Question 21

Which of the following is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to preserve their center of gravity toward the end of pregnancy?

Answer 21

lordosis

Question 22

The meniscuses of the knee joint are:

Answer 22

fibrocartilage

Question 23

The term pollex refers to the:

Answer 23

thumb

Question 24

The intervertebral discs and the vertebrae make up what kind of joints:

Answer 24

symphysis

Question 25

Raising one's arm outward and upward is described as:

Answer 25

abduction of glenohumeral joints

Question 26

The joints that are your knuckles are called ______ joints and allow for which movements?

Answer 26

metacarpophalangeal; flexion/extension/abduction/adduction

Question 27

Raising one's arm forward and upward is described as:

Answer 27

flexion of glenohumeral joint

Question 28

The joints that make up your wrists are called _____ joints and allow for which movements?

Answer 28

carpometacarpal; flexion/extension/abduction/adduction

Question 29

Spreading all five fingers is:

Answer 29

abduction of the metacarpophalangeal joints, but extension of the thumb

Question 30

Sagittal plane | list the movements

Answer 30

Elbow flexion/extension Ankle dorsi/plantar flexion Knee flexion/extension Sit up

Question 31

Frontal plane | List the movements

Answer 31

Arm abduction Spreading the fingers Jumping jacks

Question 32

Transverse plane | List the movements

Answer 32

``` Lateral rotation of the shoulder Forearm pronation/supination Trunk twists "no" rotation of the head Turning the foot outwards ```

Question 33

Sagittal-horizontal (anteroposterior) | List the movements

Answer 33

Spreading the fingers Arm abduction Jumping jacks

Question 34

Frontal-horizontal (list the movements)

Answer 34

Sit up Ankle dorsi/plantar flexion Elbow flexion/extension Knee flexion/extension

Question 35

Vertical-longitudinal (list the movements)

Answer 35

``` Turning the foot outwards Forearm pronation/supination "No" rotation of the head Trunk twists Lateral rotation of the shoulder ```

Question 36

Describe the typical construction of the synovial joint (7 pts)

Answer 36

All synovial joints have a joint cavity enclosed by fibrous layer lined with synovial membrane and reinforced by ligaments; Articulating bone ends covered with articular cartilage; And synovial fluid in the joint cavity

Question 37

Describe the composition of the intervertebral discs, and the purpose of their construction (7 pts)

Answer 37

Cushion-like pad composed of two parts. Nucleus pulposus gives the disc its elasticity and compressibility Anulus fibrosus limits the expansion of nucleus pulposus when the spine is compressed Acts as a shock absorber They allow spine to flex and extend