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KES 343 Musculoskeletal Anatomy > Leg and Foot Functions > Flashcards

Leg and Foot Functions Flashcards

1
Q

Gastrocnemius

A
  • The large calf muscle
  • Can act on knee or the ankle separately, but not simultaneously
  • Raises the heel during running and jumping
  • Inserts on the calcaneus
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2
Q

Popliteus

A

-The key that unlocks the knee

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3
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

-The most anterior and superficial layer in relationship to medial malleolus

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4
Q

Three deep posterior calf muscles

“Tom, Dick, and Harry”

A
  • Tibialis Posterior (most anterior and superficial)
  • Flexor Digitorum Longus
  • Flexor Hallucis Longus (most posterior and deep)
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5
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

-Comparable to the flexor digitorum profundus of in the hand

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6
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus

A

-This muscle is important in pushing off the surface in walking, running, and jumping.

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7
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A
  • Superficial muscle of the shin
  • Paralysis of this muscle causes foot drop
  • “Shin splits” involve this muscle
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8
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

-This muscle is comparable to the extensor pollicis longus in the hand

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9
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A
  • Toe Extensor

- Comparable to the extensor digitorum in the hand

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10
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A

-The portion of the Extensor Digitorum Brevis to the great toe may be identified as the Extensor Hallucis Brevis

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11
Q

Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus

A
  • Peroneus is derived from the Greek word for fibula

- Traverses the sole of the foot to meet the tibialis anterior tenon to form a stirrup for the foot

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12
Q

Peroneus (Fibularis) Brevis

A

-The action of the foot evertors is especially helpful when walking or running on uneven surfaces

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13
Q

Peroneus (Fibularis) Tertius

A

-Functions to place the foot flat on the ground by raising the lateral border

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14
Q

Muscle of the Foot:

Layer 1

A
  1. Abductor Hallucis
  2. Flexor Digitorum Brevis
  3. Abductor Digiti Minimi
    - Together, these muscles help support the arches of the foot
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15
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A
  • Compare to the flexor Digitorum Superficialis in the forearm
  • One of the superficial muscles of the sole of the foot
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16
Q

Abductor Hallucis

A

-Comparable to the abductor pollicis brevis in the hand

17
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

One of the superficial muscles of the sole of the foot

18
Q

Muscle of the Foot:

Layer 2

A
  1. Lumbricals

2. Quadratus Plantae

19
Q

Lumbricals

A

Comparable to the lumbricals in the hand

20
Q

Quadratus Plantae

A

-Connects to the last four digits of the foot

21
Q

Muscles of the Foot:

Layer 3

A
  1. Flexor Hallucis Brevis
  2. Adductor Hallucis
  3. Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
22
Q

Muscle of the Foot:

Layer 4

A
  1. Dorsal Interossei (4)

2. Plantar Interossei (3)

23
Q

Dorsiflexors of the Ankle

A
  1. Tibialis Anterior
  2. Extensor Digitorum Longus
  3. Peroneus (Fibularis) Tertius
  4. Extensor Hallucis Longus
24
Q

Plantarflexors of the Ankle

A
  1. Gastrocnemius
  2. Soleus
  3. Plantaris
  4. Peroneus (fibularis) Longus
  5. Peroneus (fibularis) Brevis
  6. Tibialis Posterior
  7. Flexor Hallucis Longus
  8. Flexor Digitorum Longus
25
Q

Invertors of the Foot

A
  1. Tibialis Anterior

2. Tibialis Posterior

26
Q

Evertors of the Foot

A
  1. Peroneus (fibularis) tertius
  2. Peroneus (fibularis) longus
  3. Peroeus (fibularis) brevis
27
Q

Superficial Peroneal Nerve

A
  1. Peroneus (fibulari) longus

2. Peroneus (fibularis) brevis

28
Q

Deep Peroneal Nerve

5 front leg muscles

A
  1. Tibialis Anterior
  2. Extensor Digitorum Longus
  3. Peroneus (fibularis) Tertius
  4. Extensor Hallucis Brevis
  5. Extensor Digitorum Brevis
29
Q

Tibial Nerve

7 back leg muscles

A
  1. Plantaris
  2. Popliteus
  3. Gastrocnemius
  4. Soleus
  5. Flexor Digitorum Longus
  6. Flexor Hallucis Longus
  7. Tibialis Posterior
30
Q

Tibial Nerve Terminae –
Medial Plantar Nerve
(4 muscles)

A
  1. Flexor Digitorum Brevis
  2. Abductor Hallucis
  3. Flexor Hallucis Brevis
  4. 1st Lumbricals
31
Q

Tibial Nerve Terminae –
Lateral Plantar Nerve
(7 muscles)

A
  1. Adductor Hallucis
  2. Quadratus Plantae
  3. Abductor Digiti Minimi
  4. Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
  5. Plantar Interosseous
  6. Dorsal Interosseous
  7. Lumbricals (lateral 3)

KES 343 Musculoskeletal Anatomy (8 decks)

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