Test 4

Question 1

We may determine number of leukocytes by counting of cells using

Answer 1

Microscope and Burker chamber

Question 2

The blood in which we want to determine the number of leukocytes is

Answer 2

Diluted in Turk solution (1:20)

Question 3

We count leukocytes in

Answer 3

50 medium squares of Burker chamber

Question 4

For checking the viability of cells we may use

Answer 4

Trypan blue solution

Question 5

The live cells are

Answer 5

never stained

Question 6

Mononuclear cells are

Answer 6

monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes

Question 7

The common characteristic of separation solution for isolation of mononuclear cells is

Answer 7

Density - 1.075-1.0077 g/ml

Question 8

If we use a separating solution for isolation of mononuclear cells we need to

Answer 8

gently overlay separating solution with blood and then centrifuge the samples (2500 rpm/15 min)

Question 9

Phagocytosis is property of

Answer 9

neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages

Question 10

Which of the following statements are true:

A: Lack of generation of bactericidal agents is related with defect in phagocytic function

B: Lack of receptor for chemotactic factor is released with defect in phagocytic function

C: Lack of adhesion molecules is related with defect in phagocytic function

Answer 10

All of them are true

Question 11

Serology is

Answer 11

The scientific study of blood serum and other body fluids

Question 12

Serological reaction is

Answer 12

Antigen binds to antibody
Ag + Ab –> AgAb

Question 13

Visible clumping is called

Answer 13

Agglutination

Question 14

Agglutination is used to determine presence of

Answer 14

Antibodies or antigens

Question 15

Agglutination reaction is a reaction between

Answer 15

Corpuscular Ag and polyclonal Ab

Question 16

Polymorphonuclear cells are

Answer 16

Neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils

Question 17

Size of the cells in flow cytometer is detected by

Answer 17

Forward scatter

Question 18

For determination of leukocytes in blood is

Answer 18

Diluted in Turk solution (1:20)

Question 19

Calculate the phagocytic activity from 100 counted phagocytes, 65 cells have ingested material:

Answer 19

%PHA = (65/100)*100 = 65%

Question 20

What is the main purpose of respiratory burst in phagocytes?

Answer 20

Creation of oxidative radicals which destroy ingested material

Question 21

What are examples of agglutination tests?

Answer 21

Bacterial agglutination, passive agglutination, haemagglutination, haemagglutination inhibition test

Question 22

Examples of precipitation tests:

Answer 22

Ring precipitation
Gel precipitation
Immunoelectrophoresis

Question 23

What is immunogenicity?

Answer 23

The ability to induce a humoral and/or cell mediated immune response

Question 24

What is antigenicity?

Answer 24

The ability to react specifically with the final products of a specific immune response

Question 25

What are epitopes?

Answer 25

Immunologically active regions of an immunogen that bind to antigen-specific receptors

Question 26

What is another term for antibodies?

Answer 26

Immunoglobulins

Question 27

Where are antibodies secreted from? and what are they made from?

Answer 27

Plasma cells
Glycoproteins

Question 28

What does digestion of IgG with papain produce?

Answer 28

Two identical Fab fragments, and one Fc fragment

Question 29

How are commercially prepared antigen-specific antibodies produced?

Answer 29

Immunisation of animals

Question 30

How are antiglobulins formed?

Answer 30

Injection of pure immunoglobulins of one species into another species