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Topics of Respiratory Care > Test 3: Normal values/ How its Measured/ Use > Flashcards

Test 3: Normal values/ How its Measured/ Use Flashcards

1
Q

Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP)

A

70 - 100 mm Hg

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2
Q

MAP formula

A

(Systolic pressure + diastolic)/ 3

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3
Q

MAP is used to calculate

A

systemic vascular resistance; used in hemodynamic monitoring when giving vasoactive drugs

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4
Q

Normal Pulse pressure (systemic)

A

40 mm Hg

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5
Q

Pulse pressure (systemic) formula

A

systolic - diastolic

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6
Q

Pulse pressure (systemic) is used to

A

estimate the force of the pulse

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7
Q

Stroke volume (SV) range

A

60- 100 mL

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8
Q

SV formula

A

Q/heart rate

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9
Q

SV provides information about

A

cardiac performance

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10
Q

Cardiac index (CI) range

A

2.5- 4 L/min/m2

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11
Q

CI formula

A

Q body surface area (BSA

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12
Q

CI is important determinant of

A

cardiac performance (removes body size as a variable)

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13
Q

Stroke Index (SI) range

A

35- 55 mL/beat m2

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14
Q

SI formula

A

SV/BSA

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15
Q

SI is an important determinant of

A

cardiac performance (removes body size as a variable)

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16
Q

Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) range

A

900-1500 dyne x s x cm-5

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17
Q

SVR formula

A

([MAP-CVP]/CO) x 80

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18
Q

SVR is used to measure…..
And is useful in diagnosis of vascular problems

A

resistance in systemic circulation;

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19
Q

Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)

A

100- 250 dyne x s x cm-5

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20
Q

PVR formula

A

( [MPAP-PAOP]/Q) X 80

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21
Q

PVR is used to measure resistance in the….
And is useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary vascular problems

A

pulmonary vascular bed;

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22
Q

Mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) range

A

10- 20 mm Hg

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23
Q

MPAP formula

A

pulmonary systolic pressure+ pulmonary diastolic pressure

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24
Q

MPAP is used to calculate

A

pulmonary vascular resistance

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25
Q

Oxygen content of arterial blood (CaO2)

A

20 vol%

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26
Q

CaO2 formula

A

(SaO2 x Hb) x1.34

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27
Q

CaO2 is used to calculate (3)

A

O2 delivery, cardiac output, and shunt fraction

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28
Q

Oxygen content of mixed venous blood (CVO2)

A

15%

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29
Q

CVO2 formula

A

(SVO2 x Hb) x 1.34

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30
Q

CVO2 is used to calculate (2)

A

cardiac output and shunt fraction

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31
Q

Arterial-to-venous oxygen content difference range

A

3.5 to 5.0 mL/100 mL or vol%

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32
Q

Arterial-to-venous oxygen content difference formula

A

C(a-V)O2

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33
Q

Arterial-to-venous oxygen content difference is the

A

index of tissue oxygenation

34
Q

Oxygen transport (DO2) range

A

500-1000 mL/min

35
Q

DO2 formula

A

Q x CaO2

36
Q

DO2 indicates the amount of

A

oxygen delivered to the tissues

37
Q

Oxygen consumption (VO2) range

A

200- 300 mL/min

38
Q

VO2 formula

A

Q x (CaO2- CVO2)

39
Q

VO2 indicates the metabolic rate , this can be measured

A

indirectly by noninvasive means but only with great difficultly

40
Q

Heart rate (HR)

A

60 - 100 bpm

41
Q

How is HR measured?

A

Pulse rate

42
Q

HR is used in early index of

A

tachycardia and bradycardia

43
Q

Blood pressure (systemic) (BP) range

A

Systolic: 90 -140 mm Hg
Diastolic: 60- 90 mm Hg

44
Q

How is BP measured?

A

BP cuff or arterial line

45
Q

BP is used in early index of

A

hypertension or hypotension

46
Q

Central venous pressure (CVP)

A

2- 6 mm Hg

47
Q

How is CVP measured?

A

CVP catheter or PA three or four-lumen catheter

48
Q

CVP is used to estimate (2)

A

right ventricular preload; also for drug and fluid administration

49
Q

Pulmonary artery occlusion (PAP)
Systolic and diastolic

A

systolic: 15- 35 mm Hg
diastolic 5-15 mm Hg

50
Q

How is PAP measured

A

PA catheter

51
Q

PAP is used to determine

A

PAP and to pressure PVR

52
Q

Pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP)

A

5- 12 mm Hg

53
Q

How is PAOP measured

A

PA catheter in the occluded position (balloon inflated)

54
Q

PAOP is used to estimate

A

left ventricular filling and preload

55
Q

Cardiac output (CO)

A

4-8 L/min

56
Q

How is CO measured?

A

By thermodilution or dye dilution

57
Q

CO is used as an important determinant of

A

hemodynamic function

58
Q

Partial pressure of oxygen in mixed venous blood (PVO2)

A

40 mm Hg

59
Q

How is PVO2 meausred?

A

From blood from the distal port of the PA catheter

60
Q

PVO2 is used as an overall parameter for assessment of

A

cardiopulmonary function

61
Q

Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2)

A

80 - 100 mm Hg

62
Q

How is PaO2 measured?

A

From a systemic artery

63
Q

PaO2 is used to assess the

A

level of arterial oxygenation

64
Q

What diseases increases CVP (10)

A
  • chronic bronchitis
  • pulmonary embolism
  • Lung collapse
  • Kyphoscoliosis
  • Pneumoconiosis
  • Chronic interstitial lung diseases
  • Lung cancer (tumor mass)
  • Hypervolemia
  • Right-sided heart failure
  • Maybe ARDS
65
Q

What disease decreses CVP (1)

A

Hypovolemia

66
Q

What diseases increases PAP (10)

A
  • Chronic bronchitis x2
  • Pulmonary edema (cardiogenic)
  • Pulmonary embolism x2
  • Kyphoscoliosis
  • Pneumoconiosis x2
  • Chronic interstitial lung disease x2
  • Lung cancer (tumor mass)
  • Hypervolemia
  • Lung collapse
  • Maybe ARDS
67
Q

What diseases decreases PAP (2)

A
  • Hypovolemia
  • Right-sided heart failure
68
Q

What diseases increases PAOP? (2)

A
  • Pulmonary edema (cardiogenic) x2
  • Hypervolemia
69
Q

What diseases decreases PAOP? (4)

A
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Lung collapse
  • Hypovolemia
  • Lung cancer (tumor mass)
70
Q

What diseases are unchanged in PAOP? (4)

A
  • ARDS
  • Kyphoscoliosis
  • Pneumoconiosis
  • Chronic interstitial lung diseases
71
Q

Chronic bronchitis does not apply towards PAOP

A

!

72
Q

What disease increases CO? (1)

A

Hypervolemia

73
Q

What diseases decreases CO? (5)

A
  • Pulmonary edema (cardiogenic)
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Lung collapse
  • Lung cancer (tumor mass)
  • Hypovolemia
74
Q

What disease process is unchanged in CO? (4)

A
  • ARDS
  • Kyphoscoliosis
  • Pneumoconiosis
  • Chronic interstitial lung diseases
75
Q

Chronic bronchitis is not affected by CO

A

!

75
Q

What disease process is unchanged in SVR (8)

A
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • ARDS
  • Kyphoscoliosis
  • Pneumoconiosis
  • Chronic interstial lung disease
  • Lung cancer (tumor mass)
  • Hypervolemia
  • Right- sided heart failure
75
Q

Chronic broncitis is unaffected by SVR

A

!

75
Q

What diseases decreases SVR (2)

A
  • Pulmonary edema (cardiogenic)
  • Lung collapse
75
Q

What diseases increases PVR (10)

A
  • Chonric bronchitis
  • Pulmonary edema (cardiogenic)
  • Pulmonary embolism (can be unchanged too)
  • ARDS (can be unchanged too)
  • Lung collapse
  • Pleural disease (e.g., hemothorax)
  • Kyphoscoliosis
  • Chronic interstial lung disease
  • Lung cancer (tumor mass)
    Hypervolemia
76
Q

What disease increases SVR

A

Hypovolemia

76
Q

What disease is unchanged PVR

A

Hypovolemia

Topics of Respiratory Care (20 decks)

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