Test 1 Ch.15 Sedatives, Analgesics, and Paralytics Flashcards
Sedatives are used to reduce (4)
anxiety, agitation, promote sleep and for anterograde amnesia
Analgesics are used to
lessen pain
Paralytics are used to facilitate……
And prevent _________________ and ensure the stability of _____________ airways
invasive procedures (e.g surgery, ETT intubation)
movement;
artificial;
What are the different levels of sedation
- Minimal sedation
- Moderate sedation (Conscious sedation)
- Deep sedation
- Anesthesia
With minimal sedation pt’s can respond to verbal commands, although
cognitive function may be impaired. Ventilatory and cardiovascular functions are unaffected
Moderate sedation (conscious sedation) the pt can perform purposeful response after repeated or
painful stimulation. Spontaneous ventilation is adequate, and cardiovascular function is maintained
Deep sedation, the pt is not easily
aroused but can respond to painful stimulation. Spontaneous ventilation and maintenance of pt airway patent airway may be inadequate. Cardiovascular function is usually maintained
In Anesthesia, this level involves general anesthesia, spinal, or major regional anesthesia. Pt cannot be
aroused, even by painful stimulation. Ventilatory assistance is typically required. Cardiovascular function may be impaired
Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) is used to
assess the level of sedation in adults in children
______________________ have been the drugs of choice for tx of __________ in critical care
Benzodiazepines;
anxiety
What are the drugs in the Benzodiazepines group?
- Diazepam
- Midazolam
- Lorazepam
Benzos are relatively low cost and the ability of these drugs produce: (5)
- anxiolytic
- hypnotic
- muscle relaxtion
- anticonvulsant (anti- seziure)
- anterograde amnesic effects
______________________ is an a2- adrenorecptor agoinst used for….
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex);
short-term sedation in the ICU
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex) has no effect on…
and is used alot in
pt’s breathing;
weaning
Neuroleptics are used to treat pt’s demonstrating evidence of
extreme agitation and delirium
What is the generic name for neuroleptics
Haloperidol
Haloperidol (Haldol) is used to treat
delirium in pts in ICU
Anesthetic agents such as __________ is an IV, generic anesthetic agent that possesses sedative, amnesic, and hypnotic properties at low doses, although it has no
Propofol (Diprivan);
analgesic properties
Opiodes (opiates) are used to
relieve pain
generic names for opiodes
- Morphine
- Fentanyl
What drug is a naturally occurring opioid agonist?
Morphine sulfate
What are opioids reversed with?
Naloxone (Narcan)
Morphine is a potent opioid analgesic that is the preferred agent for intermittent therapy b/c of its…..
longer duration of action
Fentanyl citrate (Sublimaze) is a synthetic opioid that is approximately
100 to 150 times more potent than morphine
