Test 3: Energy Flashcards
Compounds with high overall energy are considered to have __
potential energy (a potential for the energy to be released)
Energy is stored inside a compound by __
chemical bonds
Types of potential energy (2)
Enthalpy and entropy
Enthalpy is the measure of __, or the energy in __ form that is __ in a physical or chemical process
heat energy; heat; released or absorbed
Enthalpy is frequently represented by the term __.
(triangle symbol)^H; the triangle means “change in” and the “H” means heat energy
If ^H is negative than heat was
released by the reaction or process (exothermic)
exothermic
heat was released by the reaction or process (resulting in a negative ^H)
If ^H is positive then heat was
absorbed by the reaction or process (endothermic)
Endothermic
heat was absorbed by the reaction or process
Heat is best described as __(2) movement.
atomic and molecular
The more movement energy a substance has the more __ it holds
heat energy (enthalpy)
Two units of Enthalpy (heat energy)
joules(J), calories(cal)
The first law of Thermodynamics states that
energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Heat is it’s own __ and can therefore be written in chemical equations
entity (ie. H2O(l) -> H2O(s) + 6.03 kJ)
Entropy is a measure of the
disorder in a system or process
Entropy is represented by the symbol
^S (triangle symbol)
When ^S for a reaction or process is positive there is __.
increasing disorder in the process
When ^S is negative there is __.
decreasing disorder in the process (also known as increasing order)
The second law of thermodynamics states that
the entropy (or disorder) of the universe is always increasing.
processes which go from fewer molecules to more molecules overall have an increase in __
disorder, or entropy.
